ICR

Question 1

Categories of impaired regulation

Answer 1

Perfusion
Neurotransmission
Pathology

Question 2

Common ICR assessment tools

Answer 2

Mental Status Testing
Cranial Nerve Testing
Glasgow Coma Scale
NIHSS

Question 3

What 2 changes in the body and suggest ICR problems?

Answer 3

Changes in mental or motor functioning

Question 4

Early Symptoms of Increased ICP

Answer 4

Adults: Headache or change on consciousness
Infants: Irritability, poor feeding, bulging

Question 5

Cushing’s Triad includes

Answer 5

Increased Systolic BP
Decreased Pulse
Decreased Respiration

Question 6

Cushing’s Triad: Symptoms of Increased ICP are opposite of ___

Answer 6

Shock

Question 7

What is the most common cause of brain injury?

Answer 7

Falls

Question 8

Seizure Disorder

Answer 8

It is a syndrome not a disease

Disruption of the brain’s electrical activity

Question 9

Ictus

Answer 9

Seizure

Question 10

Preictal Phase

Answer 10

Prodroma (early feeling)

Aura (peculiar feeling)

Question 11

Ictus Phase

Answer 11

Tonic-clonic activity

Loss of voluntary control

Question 12

Postictal Phase

Answer 12

May last hours-days
Headache
Confusion
Dysphasia
deep sleep

Question 13

Status Epilepticus

Answer 13

Seizure lasting more than 5 minutes

Question 14

The brain needs constant ___ flow to receive ___

Answer 14

The brain needs constant blood flow to receive glucose

Question 15

When the brain is without blood flow for __ -__ minutes it is considered ___ ___

Answer 15

5-10 minute

Irreversible Damage

Question 16

When cerebral perfusion pressure is under ___ blood flow is compromised

Answer 16

60 mm Hg

Question 17

What can you do for primary brain injury?

Answer 17

Not much

Question 18

Secondary brain injury occurs from what?

Answer 18

Altered blood flow, ICO, or O2 delivery

Question 19

Wha tis the goal when dealing with a brain injury?

Answer 19

Maintain normal Cerebral Perfusion Pressure CPP

Control ICP

Question 20

Later Symptoms of increased ICP

Answer 20

Bilateral dilation and fixation of pupils
Cheyne-Stoked Breathing
Pulse pressure widens
Pulse slightly irregular and full and bounding

Question 21

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

Answer 21

Injury as consequence of trauma

Assess: LOC and GCS severity, location and mechanism of injury

Question 22

Intracranial Hematoma

Answer 22

Localized collection of blood

Question 23

Contusion

Answer 23

Brain tissue damage

Question 24

Concussion

Answer 24

LOC altered but no tissue injury

Common with military and athletes

Question 25

Extradural Hematoma signs and symptoms

Answer 25

Get knocked out > wake up > go to sleep > die Vomiting Seizures

Question 26

Extradural Hematoma

Answer 26

Arterial bleed in the brain = fast bleed

Question 27

Subdural Hematoma

Answer 27

Venous bleed = slow bleed

Question 28

Subdural Hematoma signs and symptoms

Answer 28

``` Headache Drowsiness Loss of consciousness Pupil dilation Respiratory compromise ```

Question 29

Types of Strokes

Answer 29

Ischemic Stroke | Hemorrhagic Stroke

Question 30

Most common cause of Ischemic Stroke

Answer 30

Cerebral Thrombus | Embolism (Arterial Occlusion)

Question 31

Most common cause of Hemorrhagic Stroke

Answer 31

Hypertension

Question 32

Hemorrhagic Stroke

Answer 32

Bleeding into the brain

Question 33

Ischemic Stroke

Answer 33

Blocks blood flow to the brain

Question 34

Stroke is a problem with cerebral ____

Answer 34

perfusion

Question 35

Symptoms of Stroke

Answer 35

``` Headache Lapse of attention Loss of function Aphasia Vision problems ```