Glucose Regulation

Question 1

Insulin

Answer 1

Hormone produced by beta cells of the islets of Langerhans

Question 2

3 way glucose is used

Answer 2

Energy production
Stored as glycogen
Converted into fat

Question 3

Gylcogenesis

Answer 3

Process of glycogen formation

Question 4

Facilitated dissusion

Answer 4

The process in which insulin gets glucose into the cell

Question 5

What kind of cells store the most glycogen?

Answer 5

Liver and muscle cells

Question 6

Glycogenolysis

Answer 6

Breakdown of stored glycogen to yield glucose

Question 7

Glyconeogenesis

Answer 7

Breakdown of glucose by the liver by converting amino acids and fats

Question 8

Hypoglycemia

Answer 8

Glucose less than 70 mg/dL

Question 9

Hyperglycemia

Answer 9

Glucose more than 100 mg/dL

Question 10

The ideal function of insulin and glucose

Answer 10

Increased glucose > increased insulin

Question 11

Metabolic syndrome increases risks for:

Answer 11

Coronary artery disease
Stroke
PVD
Predisposes for Type 2 Diabetes

Question 12

Types of Diabetes

Answer 12

Type 1 (Immune-mediated)
Type 2
Other specific types
Gestational

Question 13

Triad for Diabetes

Answer 13

Polydipsia
Polyuria
Polyphagia

Question 14

What is the most common sign of diabetes in children?

Answer 14

Ketoacidosis

Question 15

Type 1 Diabetes

Answer 15

Deficiency of insulin by complete or partial pancreatic beta cell failure

Question 16

Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 16

Insulin Resistence

Question 17

What is a major contributing factor to Type 2 Diabetes?

Answer 17

Obesity

Question 18

Common complication with Type 2 Diabetes

Answer 18

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemia Syndrome (HHS)

Question 19

Polyphagia

Answer 19

Increased appetite

Question 20

Polydipsia

Answer 20

Increased thrist

Question 21

What is the gold standard test for diabetes?

Answer 21

Fasting Plasma Glucose (Have test done twice)

Question 22

When do you screen for Diabetes

Answer 22

Every 3 years starting at 45

Question 23

Hypoglycemia cause

Answer 23

Excessive insulin
Inadequate food intake
Stress
Infection
Illness

Question 24

What organs compensate for hypoglycemia

Answer 24

Adrenal glands
Pancreas
Liver

Question 25

Somogyi Effect Phenomenon

Answer 25

Nocturnal Hypoglycemia

Rebound morning fasting hyperglycemia

Question 26

Dawn

Answer 26

Nocturnal elevation of growth hormone
No nocturnal hypoglycemia
Morning fasting hyperglycemia