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B777 CATHAY STUDY GUIDE > ICING/CONTAMINATED RWYs QUESTIONS > Flashcards

ICING/CONTAMINATED RWYs QUESTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

With AD Elev 510 ft, surface temp -20, is a correction to minima required for ILS DA of 690 ft?

A

Yes, increase it by 30 ft

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2
Q

Does ATC have to be informed if you temp correct altitudes?

A

Yes, if they are procedural.

Not for vectoring by ATC as the altitudes given includes correction

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3
Q

After de-icing or anti-icing, is an inspection needed before takeoff before the most limiting Hold Over Time (HOT) has been exceeded?

A

Not needed until the lower HOT has been exceeded

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4
Q

What are the takeoff limitaions regarding ice and snow on leading edges, control surfaces and upper wing surfaces?

A

They all have to be free from ice and snow

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5
Q

What are the takeoff limitations regarding ice and snow on the lower side of the wing?

A

A light coating of frost, up to 3mm on the underside of the wing fuel tank area

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6
Q

Hold Over Times have an upper and lower limit

What do they represent?

A

The lower limit is for Moderate precipitation and the higher is for light precipitation

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7
Q

If the shorter HOT has been exceeded but not the longer one. What kind of action is needed?

A

A pre-takeoff inspection is required from inside the cabin within 5 min of the takeoff roll

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8
Q

If the longer HOT has been exceeded and precipitation is present. What kind of action is needed?

A

An inspection from inside the cabin AND an external inspection within 5 min of the takeoff roll.
If the external inspection can’t be done you have to return for new de-ice/anti-ice proceedures

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9
Q

Are snow, ice or frost permitted to be present on the fuselage?

A

Only a thin layer of hoarfrost on the upper surfaces of the fuselage is ok, as long as all vents and ports are clear of frost

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10
Q

For what conditions doesn’t any HOT exists?

A

For +SN, snow pellets, Ice pellets, FZRA, +FZRA and GR

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11
Q

What can a Generator fault light indicate when you are starting up in very cold conditions?

A

Oil in the CSD and the generator may be cold and it may be slow to produce a steady power supply. Might take 1-5 min for the light to go away

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12
Q

JET A1 has a freezing point of -47 deg. What fuel freeze number should be entered in the FMC?

A

-44, as it has to be +3 deg

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13
Q

What is the fuels “pour point”?

A

-6 deg of the freeze point

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14
Q

When does the pumpability of cold fuel start to be affected?

A

-15 deg of the freezepoint

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15
Q

When does the HOT begin?

A

It begins when with final application of the anti-ice fluid

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16
Q

What de-ice/anti-ice fluids are approved by the company?

A

Type I
Type II
Type IV

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17
Q

What does “LOUT” stand for?

A

“Lowest Operational Use Temperature”

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18
Q

How is LOUT derived?

A

Is the highest of

  1. The lowest temp at which the fluid meets the aerodynamic acceptance test for a given aircraft
  2. The actual freezing point of the fluid plus a 10 deg buffer for Type I fluids and a 7 deg buffer for Type IV fluids
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19
Q

What are the colours of the CX approved fluid types?

A

Type I = Orange
Type II = Colourless
Type IV = Emerald green

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20
Q

What is the difference between Type I, II and IV fluids?

A

Type I : Is a de-icing fluid with a high glycol content
Can be used for short anti-ice protection
Type II : Is a de-ice/anti-ice fluid with min 50% glycol
content. Longer HOT than Type I
Type IV : Is a modified Type II fluid with longer HOT
under certain conditions

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21
Q

What is the fuel freezing point for JET A?

A

-40 deg C

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22
Q

Which surfaces have to be clear of ice and snow before takeoff?

A

Leading edge devices
All control surfaces
All upper wing surfaces

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23
Q

When would you suspect structural icing in flight?

A

When ice accumulation on the flight deck window frames, windshield centre post, windshield wiper arm or side window is observed

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24
Q

Condition:
Rwy dry, VIS 10 km, Temp 6 deg and cloud OVC 050.
Is engine anti-ice required for take-off?

A

No, but EAI has to be ON for ground operations and either ON or AUTO for flight

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25
Q

What additional considerations are applicable for starting engines in cold weather?

A
  • Oil pressure may be slow to rise
  • Initial oil pressure rise may be higher than normal
  • Additional time may be required to reach normal oil temp range
  • Displays may require additional warm-up time before accurately showing changing engine indications value and may appear less bright than normal
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26
Q

Should the outflow valves be OPEN or CLOSED in the secure procedure if the aircraft will be left unattended at off-line stations without normal support?

A

Closed

FCOM 3 SP 16.10

27
Q

When are take-offs not recommended due to runway state?

A

Not recommended when slush, wet snow or standing water is more than 13 mm or
Dry snow with a depth of more than 102 mm

28
Q

When is an engine run-up required prior to take-off?

A

When EAI is required and OAT is 3 deg C or less

29
Q

When is automatic WAI operation inhibited?

A

Inhibited for 10 min after lift-off

30
Q

When are the 3 pitot-static probes and the 2 angle of attack probes electrically heated for anti-ice protection?

A

When either engine is running

31
Q

When is the TAT probe electrically heated for anti-ice protection?

A

In flight only

32
Q

When is core ice shedding procedure required before take-off?

A

Only for RR engines when FZFG is reported and visibility is 300m or less and the take-off cannot be achieved within 45 min total taxi time

33
Q

What precaution is required with engines running during ground de-icing operations?

A

Engine bleed switches shall be turned off to reduce the possibility of fumes entering the air conditioning system

34
Q

What is the primary method of using WAI during flight?

A

To use the automatic ice detection system as a de-icer by allowing ice to accumulate before turning WAI on

35
Q

What is the switch position for EAI during approach and landing?

A

AUTO

36
Q

With 4 mm standing water covering more than 25% of the runway, is use of TO1-50A ok?

A

No, the runway is contaminated
Fixed derates are ok if they take the surface conditions into account.
The assumed temp method is not allowed

37
Q

What kind of fog could be expected over KSFO and EGLL respectively?

A

KSFO: Advection fog
EGLL: Radiation fog

38
Q

On a METAR or forecast, how are the three intensity levels (light, moderate, heavy) of snow depicted?

A

SN indicates snow is falling at moderate intensity. If any precipitation begins with a minus or plus sign, it’s either light or heavy

39
Q

Where would you find the decodes for Japan domestic SNOWTAM?

A

In OPS-A

40
Q

After an overnight in freezing conditions, what unusual effects may be noticed during taxi and take-off?

A

The tyres may retain flat spots and with a short taxi distance might not warm up sufficiently for it to go away. Moderate nose wheel vibration and airframe vibration may therefor occur

41
Q

When is WAI inhibited (ON and AUTO)?

A

Inhibited for 5 min after lift-off if TAT is +10 deg or more

42
Q

What precautions should be taken during taxi-out or landing with slush or standing water present?

A

Keep the flaps up

43
Q

Having decided to leave the flaps up during taxi-out for slush and/or standing water conditions, what would you do differently with regard to checklist management?

A

Wait for the flaps to be set to the take-off configuration before calling for the BEFORE TAKE-OFF Checklist

44
Q

JET A fuel freeze point is -40 deg C. What is the restrictive fuel freeze point to be entered in the FMC?

A

-37 deg C

45
Q

What would you do when the fuel temperature approaches the restrictive fuel freeze point?

A

Decrease altitude, increase Mach nr or divert to warmer air.
In Polar regions, an increase in altitude may result in warmer ambient temperatures

46
Q

How is a discussion of landing performance as part of the CTWO in an arrival briefing useful when landing on a contaminated runway?

A

Intended runway exit provides a benchmark for monitoring braking effectiveness

47
Q

If it becomes clear that the landing roll on a contaminated runway will extend beyond the intended runway exit, what can be done?

A

Nominate the next exit if it looks safe

Increase braking effort with reversers and manual braking

48
Q

What kind of crosswind limits apply to contaminated runways?

A

Aircraft and CX limits

49
Q

Which one of the aircraft or the CX crosswind limits for a contaminate runway are more limiting?

A

CX limits are more limiting

50
Q

Is an AUTOLAND permitted on contaminated runways?

A

Yes, if the braking action and wind conditions are acceptable.
Disconnect autopilot on rollout if directional control becomes a problem

51
Q

What techniques are recommended for a manual landing on a contaminated runway?

A

Crabbed approach and flare, with a positive touchdown
When crabbing you are already counteracting for wind which minimizes drift upon landing. And all wheels touch down at the same time which provides rapid operation of spoilers and autobrakes

FCTM LANDING 6.7.4

52
Q

What adverse condition might occur during landing when touching down in the TDZ of a heavily used runway?

A

Viscous hydroplanning caused by rubber deposits that significantly reduces runway friction

53
Q

At what kind of speeds are reversers most effective?

A

At high speed as drag generated by reverse thrust is related to V-squared

54
Q 
List the code and MU for this ICAO runway states:
NIL
POOR
MEDIUM-POOR
MEDIUM
MEDIUM-GOOD
GOOD
DRY
A 
NIL - CODE 0  MU 0-20
POOR - CODE 1  MU 21-25
MEDIUM-POOR  CODE 2  MU 26-29
MEDIUM  CODE 3  MU 30-35
MEDIUM-GOOD  CODE 4  MU 36-39
GOOD  CODE 5  MU 40-50
DRY  CODE 6  MU >50
55
Q

What thrust options are available for a take-off in the B777 on a contaminated runway?

A

TO, TO1, TO2

No assumed temperature allowed

56
Q

What considerations would you consider during taxi in snow/slush or icy conditions?

A

Slower speed
Use differential thrust to turn
Delay flap extension
Turn very slowly to avoid skidding

57
Q

What are your considerations when taking off in a contaminated runway?

A

Set thrust symmetrically

Forward pressure on yoke to have nose wheel firmly on the ground for better steering capability

58
Q

How would you counteract drift when landing in a crosswind on a contaminated runway?

A

Reduce reverse thrust to idle
Release brakes or cancel autobrake
Use rudder to regain centerline
Then re-apply reverse thrust and brakes as required

59
Q

Above what crosswind value on a contaminated runway do you have to consult FCOM 3?
Give values for take-off and landing

A

Take-off above 10 kts

Landing above 15 kts

60
Q

What is the definition of a dry runway?

A

Covered with less than 3mm of water that covers less than 25% of the runway

61
Q

What is the definition of a wet runway?

A

Less than 3mm of water that covers less than 25% of the runway but the water appears reflective

62
Q

What is the definition of a contaminated runway?

A

More than 3mm of water that covers more than 25% of the runway

63
Q

With what depth of contamination is take-off not recommended due to slush/water or wet snow?

A

13mm

64
Q

With what depth of contamination is take-off not recommended due to dry snow?

A

102mm

B777 CATHAY STUDY GUIDE (24 decks)

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