Hypothyroid Conditions

Question 1

what is hypothyroidism?

Answer 1

underactive thyroid gland producing low T3/4 or due to secondary disease

Question 2

most common cause of hypothyroidism?

Answer 2

iodine deficiency

Question 3

presentation of hypothyroidism

Answer 3

sparse hair, expressionless face
periorbital puffiness
cold intolerance
reduced HR
pitting oedema, cardiac dilation, HF
reduced BMR, weight gain
constipation
depression, lethargy
menorrhagia, oligo/amenorrhoea

Question 4

management of hypothyroidism

Answer 4

levothyroxine

Question 5

advice in levothyroxine

Answer 5

dose increased in pregnancy

begin slowly as risks cardiac arrhythmias

Question 6

diagnosis of hypothyroidism

Answer 6

TFTs
autoantibodies
etc.

Question 7

what is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?

Answer 7

AI destruction of the thyroid leading to gradual failure of function

Question 8

who does Hashimoto’s thyroiditis commonly present in?

Answer 8

women 45-60

Question 9

what is Hashimoto’s thyroiditis associated with?

Answer 9

other AI diseases

Question 10

presentation of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 10

hypothyroidism
hashitoxicosis (transient hyperfunction)

Question 11

diagnosis of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Answer 11

antibodies= anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and anti-thyroglobulin

Question 12

what is myxoedema coma?

Answer 12

typically elderly women with long standing and frequently unrecognised hypothyroidism

Question 13

diagnosis of myxoedema coma

Answer 13

ECG= bradycardia, heart block, prolonged QT

type 2 respiratory failure

Question 14

management of myxoedema coma

Answer 14

passively rewarm

cardiac monitoring