Hypothalmic Pituitary Axis

Question 1

H-P regulates (4)

Answer 1

Thyroid
Adrenal
Reproductive organs
Also controls growth, milk production and ejection

Question 2

Hypothalamus is

Answer 2

Place of neurological And endocrine connection

Question 3

Neurons in hypothalamus regulate (7)

Answer 3

Endocrine system
Body temperature
Apetite
Sexual behavior
Defense reactions
Circadian rhythm
Vegetative sytem

Question 4

TRH

Answer 4

Thyroid releasing hormone

Question 5

CRH

Answer 5

Corticotropin releasing hormone

Question 6

GnRH

Answer 6

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

Question 7

GHRH

Answer 7

Growth hormone releasing hormone

Question 8

Somatostatin/ GHIH

Answer 8

Growth hormone inhibitory hormone

Question 9

PIH

Answer 9

Prolactin inhibiting hormone

Question 10

Special hormones secrete and synthesize the hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones. The endings of these fibers are different from most nerve ending in the CND, how (3)?

Answer 10

Do not transmit signals
Secrete hormones into these fluids
Hormones are immediately absorbed into the hypothalamic hypophysial portal system

Question 11

The hypophysis is known also as

Answer 11

Pituitary gland

Question 12

Hypophysis is

Answer 12

Small gland located in the sells turcica (bony cavity at the base of the brain)

Question 13

The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus how

Answer 13

By the pituitary stalk (infundilum)

Question 14

Pituitary gland has 2 portions

Answer 14

Anterior and posterior

Question 15

Anterior or adenohypophysis

Answer 15

Originates from the Ratchke’s pouch (embryonic invagination of pharyngeal epithelium)

Question 16

Adenohypophysis contains 5 cell types

Answer 16

Somatotropes
Corticotropes
Lactotropes
Thyrotropes
Gonadotropes

Question 17

Somatotropins produce

Answer 17

GH

Question 18

Corticotropins produce

Answer 18

ACTH

Question 19

Lactotropins produce

Answer 19

Prolactin

Question 20

Thyrotropins produce

Answer 20

TSH

Question 21

Gonadotropins produce

Answer 21

LH and FSH

Question 22

Adenohypophysis cells stain (3)

Answer 22

Acidophilic
Basophilic
Chromophobix

Question 23

Acidophilic are

And stain

Answer 23

Somatotropins and lactotropins

Acid dye-eosin

Question 24

Basophilic are

Stain

Answer 24

Corticotropins, thyrotropins, gonadotropins

Stain basic dye- haematoxylin

Question 25

Chromophobic are Stain

Answer 25

Non functional cells Do not stain

Question 26

GH

Answer 26

Promote growth of the entire body by affecting protein formation, cell multiplication and cell differentiation

Question 27

Corticotropin

Answer 27

Control secretion of some adrenocortical hormones, which affect metabolism of glucose, proteins and fats

Question 28

Thyrotropins

Answer 28

Control secretion rate of thyroxine and triiodothyronine by the thyroid gland, and these hormones control the rates of most IC chem reactions in the body

Question 29

Prolactin

Answer 29

Promotes mammary gland development and milk production

Question 30

Gonadotropins

Answer 30

Control growth of the ovaries and testes, as well as their hormonal and reproductive activities

Question 31

TSH does to

Answer 31

Thyroid

Question 32

ACTH goes to

Answer 32

Adrenal cortex

Question 33

PRL goes to

Answer 33

Mammary glands

Question 34

hGH goes to

Answer 34

Bone and tissues

Question 35

FSH and LH go to

Answer 35

Ovaries and testes

Question 36

Posterior or neurohypophysis

Answer 36

Originates from a neural tissue outgrowth from hypothalamus

Question 37

The neurohypophysis is made of

Answer 37

Made up glial like cells and axons of large neurons called magnocellular neurons

Question 38

Neurohypophysis cell body is located where

Answer 38

In hypothalamus | Paraventricular and supraotic nucleus

Question 39

hormones secreted by neurohypophysis (2)

Answer 39

Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin | Oxytocin

Question 40

Antidiuretic or vasopressin

Answer 40

Control the rate of water excretion into the urine, helping to control the concentration of water in the body fluids

Question 41

Oxytocin (2)

Answer 41

Helps express milk from mammary glands to the nipples during suckling Help delivery of the baby at the end of gestation