Hypothalmic Pituitary Axis Flashcards
H-P regulates (4)
Thyroid
Adrenal
Reproductive organs
Also controls growth, milk production and ejection
Hypothalamus is
Place of neurological And endocrine connection
Neurons in hypothalamus regulate (7)
Endocrine system Body temperature Apetite Sexual behavior Defense reactions Circadian rhythm Vegetative sytem
TRH
Thyroid releasing hormone
CRH
Corticotropin releasing hormone
GnRH
Gonadotropin releasing hormone
GHRH
Growth hormone releasing hormone
Somatostatin/ GHIH
Growth hormone inhibitory hormone
PIH
Prolactin inhibiting hormone
Special hormones secrete and synthesize the hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones. The endings of these fibers are different from most nerve ending in the CND, how (3)?
Do not transmit signals
Secrete hormones into these fluids
Hormones are immediately absorbed into the hypothalamic hypophysial portal system
The hypophysis is known also as
Pituitary gland
Hypophysis is
Small gland located in the sells turcica (bony cavity at the base of the brain)
The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus how
By the pituitary stalk (infundilum)
Pituitary gland has 2 portions
Anterior and posterior
Anterior or adenohypophysis
Originates from the Ratchke’s pouch (embryonic invagination of pharyngeal epithelium)
Adenohypophysis contains 5 cell types
Somatotropes Corticotropes Lactotropes Thyrotropes Gonadotropes
Somatotropins produce
GH
Corticotropins produce
ACTH
Lactotropins produce
Prolactin
Thyrotropins produce
TSH
Gonadotropins produce
LH and FSH
Adenohypophysis cells stain (3)
Acidophilic
Basophilic
Chromophobix
Acidophilic are
And stain
Somatotropins and lactotropins
Acid dye-eosin
Basophilic are
Stain
Corticotropins, thyrotropins, gonadotropins
Stain basic dye- haematoxylin
Chromophobic are
Stain
Non functional cells
Do not stain
GH
Promote growth of the entire body by affecting protein formation, cell multiplication and cell differentiation
Corticotropin
Control secretion of some adrenocortical hormones, which affect metabolism of glucose, proteins and fats
Thyrotropins
Control secretion rate of thyroxine and triiodothyronine by the thyroid gland, and these hormones control the rates of most IC chem reactions in the body
Prolactin
Promotes mammary gland development and milk production
Gonadotropins
Control growth of the ovaries and testes, as well as their hormonal and reproductive activities
TSH does to
Thyroid
ACTH goes to
Adrenal cortex
PRL goes to
Mammary glands
hGH goes to
Bone and tissues
FSH and LH go to
Ovaries and testes
Posterior or neurohypophysis
Originates from a neural tissue outgrowth from hypothalamus
The neurohypophysis is made of
Made up glial like cells and axons of large neurons called magnocellular neurons
Neurohypophysis cell body is located where
In hypothalamus
Paraventricular and supraotic nucleus
hormones secreted by neurohypophysis (2)
Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic or vasopressin
Control the rate of water excretion into the urine, helping to control the concentration of water in the body fluids
Oxytocin (2)
Helps express milk from mammary glands to the nipples during suckling
Help delivery of the baby at the end of gestation
