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Cellular Biology > Hypothalmic Pituitary Axis > Flashcards

Hypothalmic Pituitary Axis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

H-P regulates (4)

A

Thyroid
Adrenal
Reproductive organs
Also controls growth, milk production and ejection

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2
Q

Hypothalamus is

A

Place of neurological And endocrine connection

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3
Q

Neurons in hypothalamus regulate (7)

A 
Endocrine system
Body temperature
Apetite
Sexual behavior
Defense reactions
Circadian rhythm
Vegetative sytem
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4
Q

TRH

A

Thyroid releasing hormone

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5
Q

CRH

A

Corticotropin releasing hormone

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6
Q

GnRH

A

Gonadotropin releasing hormone

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7
Q

GHRH

A

Growth hormone releasing hormone

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8
Q

Somatostatin/ GHIH

A

Growth hormone inhibitory hormone

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9
Q

PIH

A

Prolactin inhibiting hormone

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10
Q

Special hormones secrete and synthesize the hypothalamic releasing and inhibitory hormones. The endings of these fibers are different from most nerve ending in the CND, how (3)?

A

Do not transmit signals
Secrete hormones into these fluids
Hormones are immediately absorbed into the hypothalamic hypophysial portal system

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11
Q

The hypophysis is known also as

A

Pituitary gland

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12
Q

Hypophysis is

A

Small gland located in the sells turcica (bony cavity at the base of the brain)

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13
Q

The pituitary gland is connected to the hypothalamus how

A

By the pituitary stalk (infundilum)

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14
Q

Pituitary gland has 2 portions

A

Anterior and posterior

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15
Q

Anterior or adenohypophysis

A

Originates from the Ratchke’s pouch (embryonic invagination of pharyngeal epithelium)

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16
Q

Adenohypophysis contains 5 cell types

A 
Somatotropes
Corticotropes
Lactotropes
Thyrotropes
Gonadotropes
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17
Q

Somatotropins produce

A

GH

18
Q

Corticotropins produce

A

ACTH

19
Q

Lactotropins produce

A

Prolactin

20
Q

Thyrotropins produce

A

TSH

21
Q

Gonadotropins produce

A

LH and FSH

22
Q

Adenohypophysis cells stain (3)

A

Acidophilic
Basophilic
Chromophobix

23
Q

Acidophilic are

And stain

A

Somatotropins and lactotropins

Acid dye-eosin

24
Q

Basophilic are

Stain

A

Corticotropins, thyrotropins, gonadotropins

Stain basic dye- haematoxylin

25
Q

Chromophobic are

Stain

A

Non functional cells

Do not stain

26
Q

GH

A

Promote growth of the entire body by affecting protein formation, cell multiplication and cell differentiation

27
Q

Corticotropin

A

Control secretion of some adrenocortical hormones, which affect metabolism of glucose, proteins and fats

28
Q

Thyrotropins

A

Control secretion rate of thyroxine and triiodothyronine by the thyroid gland, and these hormones control the rates of most IC chem reactions in the body

29
Q

Prolactin

A

Promotes mammary gland development and milk production

30
Q

Gonadotropins

A

Control growth of the ovaries and testes, as well as their hormonal and reproductive activities

31
Q

TSH does to

A

Thyroid

32
Q

ACTH goes to

A

Adrenal cortex

33
Q

PRL goes to

A

Mammary glands

34
Q

hGH goes to

A

Bone and tissues

35
Q

FSH and LH go to

A

Ovaries and testes

36
Q

Posterior or neurohypophysis

A

Originates from a neural tissue outgrowth from hypothalamus

37
Q

The neurohypophysis is made of

A

Made up glial like cells and axons of large neurons called magnocellular neurons

38
Q

Neurohypophysis cell body is located where

A

In hypothalamus

Paraventricular and supraotic nucleus

39
Q

hormones secreted by neurohypophysis (2)

A

Antidiuretic hormone or vasopressin

Oxytocin

40
Q

Antidiuretic or vasopressin

A

Control the rate of water excretion into the urine, helping to control the concentration of water in the body fluids

41
Q

Oxytocin (2)

A

Helps express milk from mammary glands to the nipples during suckling
Help delivery of the baby at the end of gestation

Cellular Biology (13 decks)

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