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Cellular Biology > Fertilization > Flashcards

Fertilization Flashcards

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1
Q

Ovulation

A

Oocyte and cumulus mass move into infundilum of uterine tube by fibria

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2
Q

Fertilization occurs where

A

Ampulla of uterine tube

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3
Q

T or F

There is a wide window for fertilization

A

False

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4
Q

Explain sperm transit

A

Sperm move from site of disposition to uterine tube within minutes
Many ejaculated but only tens of hundreds will be present for fertilization

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5
Q

When does sperm gain ability to fertilize

A

Thought the epididymal transit

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6
Q

Who is the sperm reservoir

A

Isthmus of uterine tube near uterotubal junction

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7
Q

Functional sperm reservoir (3)

A

Sperm adhere tubal epithelium
These have a long life span
Sperm will be released when is ovulation

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8
Q

Capacitation

A

Biochemical (non-morphologic) changes required in female tract before the sperm is capable of fertilization

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9
Q

Ways of capacitation (5)

A 
Removal of seminal plasma components
Changes in membrane cholesterol, Glycosaminoglycan
Tyrosine phosphorylation
Hypermobility
Oocyte receptor expression
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10
Q

Acrosome reaction occurs

A

Upon contact of sperm with zona pellucida

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11
Q

Explain the acrosome reaction (3)

A

Sperm fuses plasma membrane with outer acrosomal membrane
Extensive vesiculation over surface of sperm and acrosome
Releases acrosomal enzymes

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12
Q

Penetration of zona pellucida steps (3)

A

Sperm migrates between cumulus cells
Attach and migrate through zona pellucida
Only acrosome intact bind to zona

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13
Q

Major proteins of zona pellucida

A

2P3: specific binding site for sperm

Mediated by oligosaccharides (species specific)

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14
Q

Gamete fusion involves

A

Postacrosomal sperm membrane (equatorial region)

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15
Q

Blocks to polyspermy

A

Mainly at level zona pellucida

Oocyte cortical granules released into perivitelline space

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16
Q

Fertilization (7)

A

Oocytes complete meiosis
Haploids chromosomes are enclosed in nucleus
Sperm nuclear envelope disintegrates
M/f nucleus migrates to cell center
Nuclear envelope disperse
Chromosomes aggregate in prophase of 1st cleavage division
Proximal centriole of sperm forms one of the zygotes centriole

17
Q

Early development has

A

Several mitotic divisions

18
Q

Where does synthesis of zygotic protein begin

A

At 2-16 cell stage depending on species

19
Q

Migration to uterus

A

Zygote reaches uterus in about 4 days in cows, 6 days in horses and 8 days in dogs

Cellular Biology (13 decks)

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