Hypothalamus Flashcards

1
Q

Functions of the hypothalamus

A

TAN HATS

  • -Thirst and water balance
  • -Adenohypophysis control (regulates anterior pituitary)
  • -Neurohypophysis releases hormones produced in the hypothalamus
  • -Hunger
  • -Autonomic regulation
  • -Temperature regulation
  • -Sexual urges
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2
Q

Supraoptic nucleus function

A

Produces ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

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3
Q

Paraventricular nucleus function

A

Produces oxytocin

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4
Q

Lateral area function

A

Stimulate hunger (feeding)

destruction of this area –> anorexia, failure to thrive (infants) (starvation)

This area is inhibited by leptin

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5
Q

Ventromedial area function

A

Stimulates Satiety

destruction (e.g., craniopharyngeoma) –> hyperphagia

Stimulated by leptin

“if you zap the ventromedial nucleus, you grow ventrally and medially”

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6
Q

Anterior hypothalamus function

A

Stimulates cooling, parasympathetic

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7
Q

Posterior hypothalamus function

A

Heating, sympathetic

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8
Q

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

A

circadian rhythm

The suprachiasmatic nucleus receives direct input from the retina, and plays a role in controlling circadian rhythms. Environmental light regulates the activity of the pineal glad (secretes melatonin) through the retinal-suprachiasmatic-pineal pathway.

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9
Q

Result of destruction of the septal nucleus

A

aggressive behavior

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