Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Aspirin (ASA) - mechanism

A
  • -irreversibly inhibits cyclooxygenase (both COX-1 and COX-2)
  • -platelets cannot synthesize new enzyme (no nucleus), so effect lasts until new platelets are produced
  • -increased bleeding time, decreased TXA2 and prostaglandins, no effect on PT/PTT
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2
Q

Aspirin toxicity

A
  • -gastric ulceration, tinnitus (CNVIII).
  • -chronic use can lead to acute renal failure, interstitial nephritis, and upper GI bleeding
  • -Reye syndrome in children with viral infection
  • -Overdose can cause respiratory alkylosis initially, which is then superimposed by a metabolic acidosis
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3
Q

ADP receptor inhibitors

A

clopidogrel, ticlopidine, prasugrel, ticagrelor

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4
Q

ADP receptor mechanism

A

inhibit platelet aggregation by irreversibly blocking ADP receptors, which prevents exposure of GP2b/3a on platelet surface, thus preventing them from binding to fibrinogen

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5
Q

What medications are included in Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)

A

all TCAs end in -iptyline or -ipramine except doxepin and amoxapine

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6
Q

What is the mechanism of action of TCAs?

A

they block re-uptake of norepinephrine and serotonin , thereby increasing the levels of these neurotransmitters in the synaptic space.

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7
Q

Side effects of TCAs

A
  • -sedation

- -anticholinergic effects (tachycardia, urinary retention, dry mouth)

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8
Q

Toxicity of TCAs

A

Tri-Cs

Convulsions
Coma
Cardiotoxicity

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9
Q

What is the treatment for HSV-1?

A

acyclovir

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10
Q

What classes of drugs are effective in treating OCD?

A

TCAs and SSRIs

SSRIs like fluoxetine are the treatment of choice for OCD. However, the TCA clomipramine is generally used in the treatment of OCD unresponsive to an SSRI.

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11
Q

What is imipramine?

A

A TCA. It is used mainly in the treatment of major depression and enuresis.

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