Hypertension

Question 1

define hypertension

Answer 1

this is a blood pressure of above 140/90

Question 2

define pre-eclampsia

Answer 2

this is high blood pressure in pregnancy

Question 3

presentation

Answer 3

• often no signs or symptoms

- can get headaches and SOB

Question 4

stage 1 hypertension

Answer 4

HBPM >140/90 or ABPM >135/85

Question 5

stage 2 hypertension

Answer 5

> 160/100 or ABPM >150/95

Question 6

stage 3 hypertension

Answer 6

> 180/110

Question 7

diagnosis of hypertension

Answer 7

• ABPM (twice every hour of waking)
• HBPM (twice a day)
• assess cardiovascular risk e.g. urine (protein), ECG and fundi
• risk calculator e.g. UKJBS3 Lifetime risk or Keitch, Wagner and Barker

Question 8

pharmacological management of hypertension

Answer 8

step one: aged below 55 use ACEI or ARB (do not combine), if 55 or above or African or Caribbean use CCB
step two: combine ACEI/ARB and CCB
step three: combination of ACEI/ARB, CCB and thiazide diuretic
step four: spironolactone, increase diuretic and consider alpha or beta blocker

Question 9

non-pharmacological management of hypertension

Answer 9

• lifestyle