Hypersensitivities Flashcards
What is hypersensitivity?
Normal immune response that is appropriately triggered or excessive or produces undesirable effects on the body.
Ag-Ab reaction or Ag-lymphocyte interaction.
4 Classes of Hypersensitivity
Type I, II, III, IV
Type 1 Hypersensitivity: Etiology
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Examples of Type I Hypersensitivities
Anaphylaxis, rhinitis, asthma… Check for more
Pathogenesis of Type I Hypersensitivity
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Clinical Manifestations of Type I Hypersensitivities
varies in severity and intensity
Hives
Anaphylaxis
Treatment for Type I Hypersensitivities
Antihistamines Corticosteroids Theophylline or Betablockers Mast Cell Stabilizers Epinephrine (if above meds aren't helping, severe symptoms only!)
Etiology of Type II Hypersensitivity
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Examples of Type II Hypersensitivity
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Pathogenesis of Type II Hypersensitivity
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Types of Type II Hypersensitivity ??
Graves’ disease (in hyperthyroidism)
Blood transfusion
Tissue Graft reaction ?
Manifestations Blood Transfusion Reaction
Fever, chills, tachycardia, lower back pain, N/V, chest pain, restlessness, headache, hypotension, oliguria
Can progress to anaphylaxis, shock and death
Manifestations for Tissue Graft Rejection
Fever, myalgia, GI discomfort, N/V, change in mental status, organ dysfunction
Treatments for Tissue Graft Rejection
Corticosteroids
Immunosuppressive agents
Etiology of Type III Hypersensitivity
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