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NURS 306 > Antibiotics: Part 2 (Based off of PowerPoint only) > Flashcards

Antibiotics: Part 2 (Based off of PowerPoint only) Flashcards

1
Q

Aminoglycosides include

A 
Amikacin
Gentamicin
Neomycin
Streptomycin
Tobramycin
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2
Q

Mechanism of Action: Aminoglycosides

A
  • Binds to 30s bacterial ribosomes, inhibit protein synthesis,
  • Suppress bacterial growth
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3
Q

Indications for Aminoglycosides

A

Serious/life threatening infections caused by E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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4
Q

Contraindications for Aminoglycosides

A

Allergy to aminoglycosides, renal insufficiency

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5
Q

Adverse Effects of Aminoglycosides

A
  • Ototoxicity
  • Nephrotoxicity
  • Vertigo, dizziness, headaches, paresthesias
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6
Q

Interactions of Aminoglycosides

A

..

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7
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Aminoglycosides

A

..

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8
Q

Quinolones include

A 
Ciprofloxacin 
Levofloxacin 
Moxifloxacin 
Gemifloxacin 
Ofloxacin 
Norfloxacin
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9
Q

Mechanism of Action: Quinolones

A
  • Inhibits DNA gyrase (enzyme required for synthesis of bacterial DNA)
  • Bactericidal
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10
Q

Indications for Quinolones

A
  • Most quinolones are used for moderate to serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones, skin, GI, GU (genitourinary), septicemia
  • Box 39-2 outlines the susceptible organisms
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11
Q

Contraindications for Quinolones

A

Allergy to Quinolones

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12
Q

Adverse Effects of Quinolones

A

Refer to Table 39-3, p. 629

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13
Q

Interactions of Quinolones

A

..

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14
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Quinolones

A

..

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15
Q

Clindamycin includes

A

Clindamycin, Cleocin

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16
Q

Mechanism of Action: Clindamycin

A
  • Inhibits protein synthesis
  • Bacteriostatic
  • Bactericidal (high concentration)
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17
Q

Indications for Clindamycin

A

Moderate to serious infections of the respiratory tract, bones, skin, GI, GU (genitourinary), septicemia

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18
Q

Contraindications for Clindamycin

A

Allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, malabsorption syndrome, enteritis, infants

19
Q

Adverse Effects of Clindamycin

A
  • Mostly GI
  • Pseudomembranous colitis
  • Rapid IV administration can cause hypotension, dysrhythmias, cardiac arrest
  • Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hepatoxicity have been reported (must monitor labs)
20
Q

Interactions of Clindamycin

21
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Clindamycin

22
Q

Mechanism of Action: Colistimethate and Daptomycin

A

Disrupts bacterial membrane

23
Q

Indications for Colistimethate and Daptomycin

A

For specific infections refer to pp. 630-631

24
Q

Contraindications for Colistimethate and Daptomycin

25
Q

Linezolid includes

26
Q

Mechanism of Action: Linezolid

A
  • Binds to 23s ribosomes, inhibits protein synthesis

- Bacteriostatic

27
Q

Indications for Linezolid

A

Moderate to serious infections of the respiratory tract (nosocomial HAP, CAP), bones, skin, septicemia caused by resistant strains VRE, MRSA, penicillin resistant strains

28
Q

Contraindications for Linezolid

29
Q

Adverse Effects of Linezolids

A

GI: N/V, diarrhea
Headaches
Hematology: leukopenia, thrombocytopenia

30
Q

Interactions of Linezolid

31
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Linezolid

32
Q

Metronidazole includes

33
Q

Mechanism of Action: Metronidazole

A

Interferes with bacterial DNA synthesis

34
Q

Indications for Metronidazole

A

-Works against anaerobes.
-Infections of abdominal organs (pseudomembranous colitis), bones, joints, skin, GU.
-Peptic Ulcer disease caused by H. pylori
Helminthic infections (worms)

35
Q

Contraindications for Metronidazole

36
Q

Adverse Effects of Metronidazole

A

CNS: dizziness, headache, seizure
GI: abdominal pain/discomfort, N/V, diarrhea, unpleasant taste
Hematology: Leukopenia

*Disulfram reactions (if taken with alcohol)

37
Q

Interactions of Metronidazole

38
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Metronidazole

39
Q

Mechanism of Action: Vancomycin

A

Inhibits cell wall synthesis -> cell lysis and death

40
Q

Indications for Vancomycin

A
  • Severe infections only (i.e. respiratory, skin, septicemia)
  • Drug of choice for MRSA or Staph. Epidermidis infections, antibiotic induced pseudomembranous colitis
41
Q

Contraindications for Vancomycin

A

Allergy
renal dysfunction
hearing problems

42
Q

Adverse Effects of Vancomycin

A 
Ototoxicity 
Nephrotoxicity
Hypotension, tachycardia, rash, flushing (if rapidly infused)
Red man syndrome
Thrombophlebitis
43
Q

Interactions of Vancomycin

44
Q

Nursing Process & Patient Centered Care: Patient Teaching (pp. 634-638) for Vancomycin

NURS 306 (26 decks)

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