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PORG > HYDROCARBONS: NOMENCLATURE > Flashcards

HYDROCARBONS: NOMENCLATURE Flashcards

1
Q

Composed wholly or especially coined or selected syllables

A

Systematic Name

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2
Q

Refers to the structure of compounds

A

Systematic Name

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3
Q

IUPAC Meaning

A

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

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4
Q

A name no part of which is used in a systematic sense

A

Trivial Name

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5
Q

Refers to compounds independent of structure and sometimes given before the structure is known

A

Trivial Name

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6
Q

A name of which only a part is used in a systematic sense

A

Semisystematic-Semitrivial Name

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7
Q

Under Organic Compounds

A

• Open-Chain / Aliphatic
• Closed Chain / Cyclic

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8
Q

Under Closed Chain / Cyclic

A

• Homocyclic / Carbocyclic
• Heterocyclic

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9
Q

Under Homocyclic / Carbocyclic

A

• Alicyclic
• Aromatic

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10
Q

All organic compounds may be divided into two broad classes based upon the pattern of chain of carbon atoms.

A

• Open-chain or Aliphatic compounds
• Closed-chain or Cyclic compounde

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11
Q

This class includes all hydrocarbons (saturated and unsaturated) and their derivatives which have open-chain structures.

A

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

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12
Q

Those which contain single bonds between all carbon atoms.

A

Saturated hydrocarbons

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13
Q

On the other hand, unsaturated compounds contain a double (-C = C-) or a triple (-C = C-) bond between two carbon atoms.

A

Aliphatic Hydrocarbons

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14
Q

These compounds have at least one ring (cyclic) system. These are further divided into two sub- classes: homocyclic and heterocyclic based on the atoms present in the ring. They are called homocyclic or carbocyclic when the ring is formed by carbon atoms only.

A

Cyclic Hydrocarbons

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15
Q

Homocyclic (carbocyclic) compounds may again be divided into two groups namely :

A

• Alicyclic compounds
• Aromatic compounds

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16
Q

This group includes saturated and I unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbons which resemble with the aliphatic hydrocarbons in properties.

A

Alicyclic Hydrocarbons

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17
Q

The group of homocyclic compounds having special set of properties. They also have characteristic smell or aroma and hence called _______.

These include aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives are examples of such compounds.

A

Aromatic

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18
Q

Alkanes Formula :

A

CnH2n+2

19
Q

Alkenes formula :

A

CnH2n

20
Q

Alkynes formula :

A

CnH2n-2

21
Q

In order to bring uniformity and rationality in naming the organic compounds throughout the world, International Union of Chemistry (in 1958) came out with a system of nomenclature later known as ?

A

IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) system.

22
Q

IUPAC was by

A

International Union of Chemistry (1958)

23
Q

The purpose of the IUPAC system of nomenclature is to establish an ____________ of naming compounds to facilitate communication.

A

international standard

24
Q

The goal of the system is to give each structure a unique and unambigous name, and to complete each name with a unique and unambigous structure.

A

IUPAC’s goal

25
Q

IUPAC nomenclature is based on naming molecule’s ___________________ connected by single bonds either in chain or in ring.

A

longest chain of carbons

26
Q

Multiple bonds other than C and H, are indicated by ________ or ________ according to specific set of priorities.

A

prefixes or suffixes

27
Q

It indicates the number of carbon atoms in the longest possible continuous carbon chain also known as parent chain chosen by a set of rules. This is used for different length of carbon chain are shown below.

A

Root word

28
Q

It is used to indicate the degree of saturation or unsaturation in the main chain. It is added immediately after the root word.

A

Primary suffix

29
Q

It is used to indicate the main functional group in the organic compound and is added immediately after the 1º suffix.

A

Secondary suffix

30
Q

Denotes the numeral or letter that indicates the position of an atom or group in a molecule.

A

Locant

31
Q

Numerals is a locant when it indicates the position of a _________ or bond in a structure

A

substituents

32
Q
  • separated by commas (e.g. 1,2,5,6-tetrabromocyclohexane), no space after the comma or colon
  • sets of numerals are joined by hyphen arranged in ascending order
A

Numerals

33
Q

Place as early in a name as to not cause confusion

A

Locant

34
Q

In branched chain hydrocarbons, one or more _____ groups are present as side chain attached to the main straight chain of carbon atoms.

A

alkyl groups

35
Q

The carbon atoms of the side chain constitute ______ groups.

A

alkyl groups

36
Q

The carbon atoms of the side chain constitute ______ groups.

A

alkyl groups

37
Q

These alkyl groups are written as ________ in the IUPAC name.

A

prefixes

38
Q

An alkyl group is obtained from an alkane by ________ one hydrogen atom.

A

removing

39
Q

Since the general formula of alkane is CnH2n+2, the general formula of alkyl group is _________.

A

CnH2n+1

40
Q

The ____________ are generally represented by R- and named by replacing the suffix -ane of the corresponding alkane by-yl.

A

alkyl groups

41
Q

Denotes number and identify attached groups.

A

Locant / Prefix

42
Q

Longest carbon chain

A

Root

43
Q

Functional class

A

Suffix / Ending

PORG (16 decks)

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