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PORG > EXPERIMENT 7 : ALDEHYDE AND KETONE > Flashcards

EXPERIMENT 7 : ALDEHYDE AND KETONE Flashcards

1
Q

C=O

A

Carbonyl

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2
Q

Is Oxygen more electronegative than Carbon?

A

True

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3
Q

Where is Aldehyde located?

A

Terminal part

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4
Q

Where is Ketone located?

A

Middle, indicates 2 R groups

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5
Q

Aldehydes and some ketones are often recognizable by their _______ smells.

A

sweet

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6
Q

Chanel No. 5 is expensive due to tedious process of getting ?

A

aldehyde and ketone

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7
Q

vanilla flavoring

A

vanillin

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8
Q

almond flavoring

A

benzaldehyde

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9
Q

cinnamon flavoring

A

cinnamaldehyde

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10
Q

aside from being a flavorant, vanillin is also used in?

A

parkinsons disease
hypertension

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11
Q

benzaldehyde is usually seen in what species?

A

prunus

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12
Q

prunus species

A

almonds, apples, peaches, cherries, apricot

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13
Q

clove flavoring

A

2-Heptanone

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14
Q

butter flavoring

A

Butanedione

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15
Q

spearmint flavoring

A

Carvone

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16
Q

primary alcohol oxidizes to ?

A

aldehyde

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17
Q

secondary alcohol oxidizes to ?

A

ketone

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18
Q

aldehyde can be further oxidized to carboxylic acid if?

A

the oxidizing agent is strong

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19
Q

what are the catalyst in dehydrogenation of primary alcohol?

A

copper / nickel

Cu / Ni

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20
Q

temperature of the catalyst Cu / Ni in dehydrogenation

A

250 - 329°C

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21
Q

General preparations of aldehyde

A
  • Hydrolysis of geminal dihalide
  • Hydration of alkynes
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22
Q

Hydrolysis of geminal dihalide is an organic reaction.

A
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23
Q

Hydrolysis of geminak dihalide with water molecule / hydroxylic ion yields ?

A

ketone or aldehyde

24
Q

mercuric sulfate formula

25
Q

borane formula

26
Q

THF meaning

A

Tetrahydrofuran

27
Q

Specific preparation of aldehyde

A

Methanal
Ethanal

28
Q

Oxidation of methanol

29
Q

Ethanal is the oxidation of ethanol and the hydration of ?

30
Q

Net process wherein there is protonation.

A

Tautomerization

31
Q

Acetone preparations

A

Oxidation of propan-2-ol
Distillation of solid Calcium acetates

32
Q

Neither aldehydes nor ketones possess the ability to H-bond with other molecules like themselves. However, they can form H-bond with ?

A

water molecule

33
Q

Boiling points for aldehydes and ketones are (higher/lower) than for alcohols of similar molar mass.

34
Q

Generally the boiling point of aldehydes and ketones increases with increase in ?

A

molecular weight

35
Q

The lower members (up to 4 carbons) of aldehydes and ketones are soluble in water due to ?

36
Q

The ______ members do not dissolve in water because the hydrocarbon part is larger and resists the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules.

37
Q

PCC meaning

A

pyridinium chlorochromate

(mild oxidant)

38
Q

acetylene + water

A

ethanal / acetaldehyde

39
Q

ethenol is also known as?

A

vinyl alcohol

40
Q

Organic reaction without active jydrogen that undergoes redox reaction under a presence of strong base.

A

Cannizzaro Reaction

41
Q

4 Aldehydes without active Hydrogen.

A

Vanillin
Benzaldehyde
Siryngaldehyde
Formaldehyde

42
Q

Note that most ketones and aromatic aldehydes will not react. Aliphatic aldehydes will only react.

(+) red ppt (aldehyde)

A

Benedicts Test (Reduction test)

43
Q

Aldehyde + Benedicts Reagent =

A

Carboxylate Ion , RED ppt

44
Q

In Benedict’s test, an aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxylic acid, while Cu2+ is reduced to give ?

A

red Cu2O(s)

45
Q

reducing carbohydrates/sugars have ?

46
Q

Reaction tests for the presence of primary alcohols, secondary alcohol and aldehyde.

A

Chromic acid test

47
Q

In chromic acid test, (+) primary or secondary alc-2-3 secs formation of __________ suspension and disappearance of ____________

A

formation of cloudy blue green

disappearance of orange colored reagent

48
Q

With aliphatic aldehydes, the solution turns cloudy in about __ seconds and the blue-green suspension forms within __ seconds.

A

5 seconds, cloudy

30 seconds, blue-green

49
Q

In chromic acid test, a __________ color in either layer indicates a positive test.

A

Blue-green color

50
Q

tollen’s test component

A

ammoniacal silver nitrate

51
Q

Tollens’ reagent, which contains Ag+, oxidizes aldehydes but NOT ________.

52
Q

In tollen’s test, Ag+ is reduced to metallic Ag, which appears as a ______ in the test tube.

53
Q

Aldehydes and ketones containing the CH3C=O group will give a positive result with the __________ reaction.

A

triiodomethane

54
Q

Therefore, only aldehyde to give a positive result in Iodoform test is ______?

55
Q

Result in Iodoform Test?

A

pale yellow precipitate

PORG (16 decks)

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