Humoral Immunity Flashcards
Humoral immunity is mediated by —
Antibodies
When Naive B cells get stimulated, they become — cells which secrete —. They Also produce —.
Memory B cells respond more — & — to —.
There is a class switch to produce high — Abs;
especially Ig- and ig-
plasma Antibodies quickly & strongly, Antigens affinity A + G
Antibody responses:
The primary response is called — immunity which limits the response. The — are allowed to multiply and cause symptoms of disease.
The secondary response is so fast that there are no symptoms of disease. The function of IgA here is…
The function IgG here is…
IgG + complement + phagocytes leads to…
innate microbes neutralisation of entry of microbes prevents spread of microbes opsonophagocytosis
Generation of B cell memory requires help of —
This is called…
It is protein antigen specific
requires presentation of —
Class switch is helped by…
The B-bell receptor binds a specific —/—
The B cell processes and presents the — to the — which sees a different —
The —- costimulatory protein interacts with the other CSP which is called — on Th2. This is v.important.
Th2 — induce — & — of the B cell
T Cells T cell dependent activation of naive B cells Antigen Th2 cell cytokines antigenic epitope antigen, T cell epitope CD40 CD40L cytokines, proliferation & differentiation
B cells can be activated T cell- independently, like when maturing in the —/—.
TI-1 mitogens:
B-cells can be activated independently of the —/—/—
For example, bacterial lipopolysaccharides binding to B cell Toll-like receptors to secrete —, but with no —
TI-2 repeating antigens:
multiple BCRs may be —/—, leads to same result
Bone marrow
B-cell receptor
IgM, memory
cross-linked
B-cell activation summary:
B cells are activated in the —/—
Activation can be T-cell independent
TI-1 is activation by bacterial —
Ti-2 is activation by —/—/—
Activation can be Th cell dependent:
There is clonal expansion of — + — which is increased by the activated —.
This activation results in B cell clonal/polyclonal proliferation and formation of —/— and —
T-cell dependent clonal expansion is increased by complement —
lymph nodes mitogens bacterial capsule polysaccharides B + T cells complement plasma cells and antibodies C3d
B-cells are also anitgen presenting cells:
Primary response:
Here, presentation is mostly by — cells
The — is in the periphery
The —/— migrate with — to the —/—
Here they process and present the — to naive —.
Secondary response:
presentation is mostly by —, then — collect, process and present the Ag to —/— in the —/– and at site of —
dendritic antigen dendritic cells, Ag, Lymph Nodes Ag, T cells macrophages B-cells Memory T-cells, lymph nodes, site of infection
T Dependent B-cells: They make --- cells and --- cells They need Th --- + --- and the cytokines --- + --- They have long/short memory? Includes which classes of Abs? They respond to --- on proteins
T Independent B-cells:
They make Ig- only and have no —
They respond to LPS via the TLR
B cells as antigen presenting cells:
They mostly present to —/—
memory + plasma CD40 + CD40L, Il4 + Il5 long IgA, IgD, IgG, IgE antigens
IgM, memory
Memory T-cells
B cells are antigen presenting cells:
B-cells only take up the — specific to its —
— and —/— can take up any —
B cells present a different —/— to —
antigen, receptor
macrophages + dendritic cells, antigen
antigenic epitope, T-cells
Mucosal Surface Responses:
50% of all — are in the —/—/—/—
The —/—/— migrates to below the —
lymphocytes
Mucosal associated lymphoid tissue
memory plamsa cell, epithelium
