Gut Physiology Flashcards
Gross structure:
Adult gut is around –m when deceased
Has the largest accumulation of —/— for oral — and —
The microflora — and create —
The small intestinal epithelium has a high — of about — days and has impressive —/— activity.
The enteric nervous system is referred to as the —/—
10 immune cells tolerance defence ferment energy turnover 2-5 days stem cell little brain
Enteric Nervous System- The ‘Little Brain’:
It has as many — as the CNS which are arranged into 2 main —.
Neurone types:
Primary —/—
— cells
— cells of — cells
Neurotransmitters:
contains most neurotransmitters known in the CNS such as — and —.
can act largely — following the severance of the — nerve due to —/— in the wall.
neurones plexi afferent neurones Glial interstitial 'pacemaker' ACh + dopamine independently Vagus intrinsic reflexes
Control of Gut Functions:
The ENS controls:
- — circulation and — flow is responsive to — activity, for example, the dilation during — processes
- — Transport
- Mucus secretion from — cells triggered by food to lubricate and —.
- Muscle activity such as swallowing, defecation and peristalsis.
- The activity of this declines with —
Splanchnic blood local digestive Mucosal Goblet protect age
Physiology:
ENS and — messengers control the tone of — and — in the — intestine and colon.
The small intestine absorbs —, salts and digested —
The colon absorbs to dehydrate contents and forms —
This is under fine control through epithelium receptors:
Secretory —> ACH + 5-HT
Absorptive —> Nor Adrenaline
Pathogens can override these processes as part of the — defences.
endocrine absorption + secretion small Water nutrients stools innate
Pathophysiology:
Diarrhoea is the 2nd most cause of death in children under - years old.
Diarrhoea becomes exacerbated by malnutrition as the gut becomes —.
5
hypersecretory
Motility functions:
During fasting, interstitial cells of Cajal initiate waves of the process —. This is a migrating — complex to sweep the — clean.
Colon movement is — for the — of contents and nutrient recycling by the —.
Dietary — is vital for human — health
peristalsis motor bowel slow dehydration microflora fibre colonic
From Somatic to Psychologic:
The Gut-Brain Axis (GBA) is a two-way communication between the — and the —.
It links — centres of the brain with peripheral — functions.
BGA interactions significantly modulated by the — in the gut.
This might account for gut manifestations in the pre-motor stage.
ENS + CNS
emotional
intestinal
Microbiota
