Humoral Immune Response 1 Flashcards
Summarize humoral adaptive response
What are the in vivo sites for infection of humoral responses?
What are antibody responses to different antigens?
Contrast T cell dependent and independent immunity
Where do T cell dependent and independent immunity occur?
Summarize B cell activation
How can TI-2 Antigens and Cytokines induce B-cell activation?
What is the role of the innate immune system in B cell?
Explain signal 1 of B cell activation
What’s the significance of co-receptors of B-cell activation?
What’s the significance of ITIM?
Explain the second signal of TD-B cell activation
Describe CD40 & CD40L in B cell activation
What’s the significance of Tfh cells?
What are in vivo sites for induction of TD humoral responses?
What is affinity maturation?
What’s the clinical significance of class switching?
What are the phases of humoral immune responses TD?
Contrast primary and secondary humoral response
Describe regulation of cell and humoral mediated immunity
What are the B cell pathologies?
What are follicular B cells (B-2 cell)?
Follicular B cells (B-2 cell) - Most common type of B cell. Found mainly in the lymphoid follicles of secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs) and circulating in blood. They are responsible for generating the majority of high-affinity antibodies during an infection
What are the marginal B cells?
Marginal zone B cells - Found mainly in the marginal zone of the spleen and serves as a first line of defense against blood-borne pathogens. They undergo mainly T cell- independent activation
What are B-1 cells?
B-1 cells- Predominantly populate the peritoneal and pleural cavities. Generate natural antibodies (produced without infection) against mucosal pathogens. T cell- independent activation.
What are plasmablast?
Plasmablast - A short-lived, proliferating antibody-secreting cell. Result from T cell- independent or -dependent activation of B cells
What is a plasma cell?
Plasma cell- A long-lived, non-proliferating antibody-secreting cell. Result from the germinal center reaction from T cell-dependent or -independent activation of B cells
What are memory cells?
Memory B cell- Dormant B cell. Their function is to circulate through the body and initiate a stronger, more rapid antibody response (known as the secondary antibody response).
What are regulatory B cells?
Regulatory B cells- An immunosuppressive cell type that stops the expansion of pathogenic, pro-inflammatory lymphocytes through the secretion of IL-10, IL-35, and TGF-β
What are lymphoplasmacytoid cells?
Lymphoplasmacytoid cell - A cell with a mixture of B lymphocyte and plasma cell morphological features. Pre-malignant and malignant IgM producing cells: IgM monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia
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