Human Nutrition Flashcards
What is a CARBOHYDRATE made up of?
Simple Sugars
What is a PROTEIN made up of?
(Long chains of) Amino Acids
What is a LIPID made up of?
Fatty acids and Glycerol
What elements are present in Carbohydrates?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
What elements are present in Proteins?
Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Oxygen
What elements are present in Lipids?
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen
What is the function of Vitamin A?
Improve Vision and keep healthy Skin and Hair.
What is the function of Vitamin C?
Preventing Scurvy
What is the function of Vitamin D?
Calcium absorption
What is the function of Mineral Iron?
Creating and maintaining haemoglobin for healthy blood.
What is the function of Mineral Calcium?
Needed for developing bones and teeth
Where can Vitamin A,C and D be found in foods?
A = Liver C = Fruit D = Eggs
What main factors affect energy requirements?
Activity Level
Age
Pregnancy/Breastfeeding
(Gender)
What does Amylase digest?
Starch into Maltose
What does Maltase digest?
Maltose into Glucose
What does Protease digest?
Proteins into Amino Acids
What does Lipases digest?
Lipids into Glycerol and Fatty acids
What is the function of Bile?
It neutralises the pH in the stomach and emulsifies fats
What is the function of the Mouth?
Teeth break down food.
Salivary glands produce amylase in the saliva.
What is the function of the Oesophagus?
Muscular tube connecting mouth and stomach
What is the function of the Liver?
Produces Bile
What is the function of the Gall Bladder?
Where bile is stored
What is the function of the Large Intestine?
Where excess water is absorbed from food.
What is the function of the Small Intestine?
Where nutrients are absorbed out the alimentary canal into the body.
What is the function of the Rectum?
Where faeces is stored before excretion out the anus
What is the function of the Pancreas?
Produces Protease, Amylase and Lipase.
What is the Large intestine AKA?
The colon
What are the two parts of the Small Intestine?
First part is the Duodenium.
Second part is the Ilium.
What are the two parts of the Small Intestine?
First part is the Duodenum.
Second part is the Ilium.
