Final P1 Flashcards
Where is bile produced?
Liver
Where is bile stored?
Gall Bladder
What are pleural membranes?
Thin layers that reduce friction between the lungs and the inside of the chest wall during breathing.
What is the pleural fluid?
Fluid found in the pleural cavity (between the pleural membrane layers). It further reduces friction during breathing.
Why do red blood cells have no nucleus?
So more oxygen can be carried.
Which white blood cell engulfs the pathogen?
Phagocyte
Which white blood cell releases antibodies specific to the pathogen?
Lymphocyte
Describe how a phagocyte engulfs a pathogen.
The phagocyte attaches to the pathogen, then the phagocyte’s cell membrane surrounds the pathogen and engulfs it.
How do phagocytes make a pathogen; ‘non-specific’.
The enzymes found inside the phagocyte break down the pathogen and destroy it.
Which white blood cell detects the antigen proteins on the surface of pathogens?
Lymphocytes
Lymphocytes release antibodies to bind the the antigens of foreign pathogens, during this time a person may be ill.
How do antibodies work and make it easier for phagocytes to destroy pathogens?
They are released into the bloodstream and travel to the pathogen. They bind with the antigens, causing pathogens to stick together. Which restricts their movement and makes engulfing / destroying easier.
What links the CNS to sense organs?
Nerves
What organs does the CNS comprise of?
Brain
Spinal Cord
What is the organism called that is created after fertilisation?
Zygote
How does a zygote become an embryo?
Cell division through mitosis
