Human Movement Flashcards
Sagittal Plane
Flexion Extension Dorsiflexion Plantarflexion Hyperextension
Frontal Plane
Abduction Adduction Elevation Depression Inversion Eversion
Transverse Plane
Rotation Pronation Supination Horizontal Flexion (Adduction) Horizontal Extension (Abduction)
Multiplanar
Circumduction
Opposition
Agonist (Prime Mover)
Muscle that causes a desired motion.
Antagonist
Muscles that have the potential to oppose the action of the agonist.
Synergist
Muscles assist the agonist in causing a desired action.
Co-Contration
When the agonist and antagonists contract together and a joint must be stabilized.
Static (Isometric) Action
No visible movement occurs and the resistance matches the muscular tension.
Concentric Action
Shortening; The muscle shortens and overcomes the resistive force.
Eccentric Action
Lengthening; The muscle is producing force and is lengthening or returning to its resting length from a shortened position.
Closed Chain Movement
the end of the chain farthest from the body is fixed.
Compression of joints.
For example, a squat where the feet are fixed on the ground and the rest of the leg chain moves.
Open Chain Movement
The end of the chain farthest from the body is free.
Shearing forces at the joints.
For example, the seated leg extension.
Joint Mobility
The range of uninhibited movement around a joint or body segment.
Joint Stability
The ability to maintain or control joint movement or position.
