Essentials of Exercise: Ch. 1 - Digestive System

Question 1

Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract

Answer 1

A long hollow tube from mouth to anus where digestion and absorption occur.

Question 2

Each cell in the body requires a constant source of energy to perform its specific function.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

How to do people obtain energy?

Answer 3

Ingested good that has been mechanically or chemically processed by the body.

Question 4

After entering the cells, digested food molecules my be reassembled into what?

Answer 4

1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. Fats
4. Energy Production to support body activity

Question 5

What are the six basic processes that the digestive system carries out?

Answer 5

1. Ingestion of food into the mouth.
2. Movement of food along the digestive tract.
3. Mechanical preparation of food for digestion.
4. Chemical digestion of food.
5. Absorption of digested good into the circulatory and lymphatic systems.
6. Elimination of indigestible substances and waste products from the body by defecation.

Question 6

Chemical Digestion

Answer 6

A form of digestion that involves the addition of enzymes that break down nutrients.

Question 7

Lymphatic System

Answer 7

A network of lymphoid organs, lymph nodes, lymph ducts, lymphatic tissues, lymph capillaries, and lymph vessels that produce and transport lymph fluid from tissues to the circulatory system.

Question 8

What does the lymphatic system do?

Answer 8

Serves to return excess fluid from between the cells back to the blood stream, thereby preventing swelling of the intercellular spaces.

Question 9

What are the four important functions of the lymphatic system?

Answer 9

1. Destruction of bacteria and other foreign substances that are present in lymph nodes.
2. Specific immune responses that aid in manufacturing antibodies to destroy bacteria and foreign substances.
3. The return of interstitial fluid to the bloodstream.
4. Prevention of excessive accumulation of tissue fluid and filtered proteins by drainage into highly permeable lymphatic capillaries in the connective tissues.

Question 10

Anus

Answer 10

The end point of the GI Tract through which semisolid waste is passed from the body.

Question 11

What are the different sections of the GI Tract divided into?

Answer 11

1. Mouth
2. Pharynx
3. Esophagus
4. Stomach
5. Small Intestine
6. Large Intestine