Human Factors

Question 1

What is controlled flight terrain (CFIT)?

Answer 1

When plane flown into a terrain.

Question 2

How to prevent CFIT?

Answer 2

Planning! Charts, navigation displays, and plane performance.

Question 3

What is automation management?

Answer 3

Ability to control a plane with digital displays,gps equipment,moving map, integrated autopilot

Question 4

Explain workload, mode operation, automation considiration

Answer 4

Workload: know your plane. Be head of your game
Mode of operation: correct interpretation of equipment
Automation: don’t rely on the device all the time. Check them. This can reduce situational awareness.

Question 5

What is equipment operation levels?

Answer 5

1. Control the airplane
2. Use the autopilot for reducing the workload but fly yourself times.
3. Still use tradiditonal paperwork for planning and cross check with the equipment

Question 6

What is hypoxia?

Answer 6

Introduction:

Hypoxia is the lack of sufficient oxygen in the blood, tissues, and/or cells to maintain normal physiological function11

Question 7

What are the types of hypoxia?

Answer 7

There are 4 types of hypoxia:
Hypoxic
Hypemic
Stagnant
Histotoxic

Question 8

What is Hypoxic Hypoxia?

Answer 8

Also referred to as altitude hypoxia, hypoxic hypoxia is the lack of oxygen absorbed by the body due atmospheric conditions

As pressure altitude increases, the partial pressure of oxygen decreases along with blood oxygen saturation

Can occur due to faulty equipment, malfunctions or improper use

Question 9

What is Hypemic Hypoxia?

Answer 9

Occurs when the blood is not able to carry a sufficient amount of oxygen to the body’s cells

Caused by anemia, disease, blood loss, deformed blood cells, or carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning and with smokers

Can be a result of donating blood, resulting in a higher physiological altitude

Question 10

What is Stagnant Hypoxia?

Answer 10

Oxygen deficiency in the body due to poor circulation of the blood

Can occur from pulling excessive Gs or cold (constructing blood vessels) temperatures may reduce blood to extremities

May cause hyperventilation

Question 11

What is Histotoxic Hypoxia?

Answer 11

Inability for the body to use oxygen

Caused by alcohol and other drugs such as narcotics and poisons

Question 12

What are the symptoms of hypoxia?

Answer 12

Euphoria
Headache
Increased response time
Impaired judgment
Drowsiness
Dizziness
Tingling in fingers and toes
Numbness
Blue fingernails and lips (cyanosis)
Limp muscles

Question 13

What is the treatment of hypoxia?

Answer 13

Treatment:
Inform your instructor/crew
Descend to 10,000’ or below
Select emergency position with the diluter lever (gangload)
Slow breathing rate by counting to four or five between breaths
Check connections/equipment

Question 14

How can you prevent hypoxia?

Answer 14

enriching the inspired air with oxygen from an appropriate oxygen system,
maintaining a comfortable, safe cabin pressure altitude
Medical devices such as oximeterscan indirectly monitors the oxygen saturation of a passengers

Avoid:
Smoking or exposure to exhaust fumes
Medications
Alcohol

Question 15

What are the O2 requirements?

Answer 15

Oxygen Requirements:
For optimum protection, pilots are encouraged to use supplemental oxygen above 10,000’ during the day, and above 5,000’ at night

flight crew be provided with and use supplemental oxygen after 30 minutes of exposure to cabin pressure altitudes between 12,500 and 14,000’ and immediately on exposure to cabin pressure altitudes above 14,000’

Every occupant of the aircraft must be provided with supplemental oxygen at cabin pressure altitudes above 15,000’