hospital

Question 1

Hygienic requirements of the hospital is divided into

Answer 1

common - valid for all hospital
special- valid for only some hospitals

Question 2

optimal numbers of beds in a hopsital division

Answer 2

25

but chronic can be up to 40

Question 3

requiremnts for hospital rooms

Answer 3

Rooms facing south of Southeast
no more than four beds in one room and distances between beds and no less than 0.8 m

floor must be easy to clean

4- 12 square meteres for one bed

walls light colours

Question 4

ventillation

Answer 4

air is considered clean if 1 cubic metre comntains less than 3,500 organims. no more than 24 staphylocci and no more than 16 b hemoltic strep

main sources of air pollution

chemicals for the cleaning prodcuts

chemicals from builind materials

procuts of metabolism >70

Question 5

heating

Answer 5

central heating
radiation heating -

higher/lower recommend in certain diseases

lwer- graves
lower- hypothyroidism, mental disorders

Question 6

heating

Answer 6

central heating
radiation heating - temp over the radiator should be no more than 75 degrees

higher/lower recommend in certain diseases

lwer- graves
lower- hypothyroidism, mental disorders

Question 7

lighting

Answer 7

natural or electric

coefficient of natural lighting should be no less than 1.5%

common lighting must be indirect and not too hard

Question 8

water supply

Answer 8

hospital must have a central water supply to 250-300l/24 per 1 hospital bed

Question 9

operation room

Answer 9

room facing north
floorinh - no less than 40 m 2 and heigjt 3 m
optimum lighting
air temp 22-26
we allow for a higher humidity ( 50-60% )
ventilation - with double water filters
uv radiation lamps during the night and 2 h before operation

operating room is usually under psotive pressure relative to surrounding

Question 10

different systems of hospital

Answer 10

1. decentralized - every clinic in separate building (BETTER FOR NON SOCOMIOL INFECTIONS)
2. centralised - used for lager hospitals
   3.mixed

Question 11

whats obligatory for hospitals

Answer 11

to have a hospital park as it promotes a good microclimate and reduces nOISE AND AIR POLLUTION

Question 12

what are the indicators of air quality in hopsitals

Answer 12

co2 is not a sufficient indicator of air quality the microorganisms in the air are

Question 13

modern operating rooms

Answer 13

they are virtually freee ar epatricles larger than 0.5 micro metres when no people are in the room

Question 14

list hospitals with high epeidemioligcial risk

Answer 14

1. infectious disease
2. TB
3. peds
4. psychiatric
   5.maternal

Question 15

infectious disease hospital

Answer 15

• best to have a decentralised system
• disinfection done after every patient
• separate. entrances and exits

medical staff NOT ALLOWS
- sit on beds of patients
- wear their lab coats outside
- tae food to patents rooms
- visiting rates are reduced

Question 16

TB

Answer 16

most of patients room should be 1 bed (unlike 4 in normal room)

• patients room facing south with green plants, good ventilation, uv lamps for disinfection
• classroom for children are required

Question 17

peds

Answer 17

like tb most rooms with 1 bed
- separate kids in regard to age, severity of disease,
- mothers must be in separate rooms
- if child has chronic disease should be rooms for classroom
- children aged 2 years should be in isolation rooms

Question 18

psych

Answer 18

• excited patients must be isolated
• the facility should not willingly leave things out for suicide, pens, keys
• elimination of all jumping opportunities
• elimate door knobs and handles
• to be able to have access to patients room in emergency

Question 19

maternal

Answer 19

should be in a separate from other hospitals
- a reception in the predelivery room
- delivery room should have 1 or 2 beds
- should be post delivery rooms (should be close to mother rooms) or mother and baby in 1 room (but no more than 2 couples)

Question 20

isolation of patients levels

Answer 20

the strictest - hemmorgaic fever and diptheria

less stringent is like tb , infectious diarrhea

Question 21

types of isolation

Answer 21

source isolation - protecting the infected from infecting others

protective isolation - protecting the susceptible

Question 22

the methods of physical protection

Answer 22

1. barrier nursing - special nursing procedures which reduce risk
2. mechanical ventilation - remove bacteria from patients room
3. segregation - so basically isolating them

Question 23

typical isolation room suite

Answer 23

room with attached ensuite and an anteroom

Question 24

classification of isolation rooms

Answer 24

class s - standard pressure room
class n- negative pressure room
class p - postive pressure room - to isolate profoundly immunocomparimised patients to create a ‘protective environment’ t protect the susceptible

Question 25

non socomial infections

Answer 25

can occur everywhere but those at risks are surgery, urology ward, obstetric, peds . they have high epidemiological risk