Hormones (released from, action, target) (Section 1) Flashcards
Growth Hormone
Released from: anterior pituitary gland
Action: facilitates hormone synthesis and modulates metabolic mixture
Target: stimulates fatty acid release and inhibits cellular glucose uptake
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Released from: anterior pituitary
Action: increases mobilization of fatty acids from adipose tissue, increases gluconeogenesis, and simulates protein catabolism
Target: adrenal cortex
Epinephrine
Released from: adrenal medulla
Action: increases glycogenesis and lipolysis
Target: for fuel, begins breakdown of glycogen, can be used as a fuel in muscles and breaking down fat
Norepinephrine
Released from: adrenal medulla
Action: increases lipolysis
Target: begins to vasoconstrict arterioles (blood capillaries) around body in order to send blood to areas in need and in the venules (takes blood from capillaries)
Aldosterone
Released from: adrenal cortex
Action: regulates sodium and potassium in extracellular fluid
Target: mainly recovery
Cortisol
Released from: adrenal cortex
Action: stress hormone; promotes protein breakdown to amino acids, blunts the effects of insulin, increases lipolysis and glucogenesis, and mobilization of fuel
Target: many cells, as it acts in fuel usage regulaion
Insulin
Released from: pancreas
Action: mediates glucose metabolism, facilitates protein synthesis, stimulates glucose transporters
Target: tells body there is plenty of fuel and to absorb the fuel
Glucagon
Released from: pancreas
Action: increases blood glucose, increases glycogenolysis in the liver
Target: liver