- increase bone and muscle growth - increase cell turnover rate

- thyroid - increase synthesis and release of TH

- ovary/ovulation - testes/testosterone synth - LH so you don't look like a lady.

- ovary/follicle development - testes/spermatogenesis

- TH/thyxroxine (modified amino acid but acts like steroid)

- child: necessary for physical and mental development - adult: increase metabolic rate and temperature

Hormones Flashcards by Jean-Luc Banks

hypothalamus hormones

releasing and inhibiting factors

- peptides

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target/effect of releasing and inhibiting factors

anterior pituitary

- modify activity

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hormones of the anterior pituitary (types)

growth hormone (peptide)
prolactin (peptide)
thyroid stimulating hormone (peptide)
adrenocorticotropic hormone (peptide)
luteinizing hormone (peptide)
follicle stimulating hormone (peptide)

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tropic hormones

- ACTH

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gonadotropic hormones

- LH

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target/effect of GH

increase bone and muscle growth

- increase cell turnover rate

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target/effect of prolactin

mammary gland

- milk production

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target/effect of TSH

thyroid

- increase synthesis and release of TH

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target/effect of ACTH

increase growth and secretory activity of the adrenal cortex

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target/effect of LH

ovary/ovulation
testes/testosterone synth
LH so you don’t look like a lady.

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target/effect of FSH

ovary/follicle development

- testes/spermatogenesis

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hormones of the posterior pituitary

ADH/vasopressin (peptide)

- oxytocin (peptide)

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target/effect of ADH

kidney

- water retention

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target/effect of oxytocin

breast/milk letdown

- uterus/contraction

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hormone of thyroid

TH/thyxroxine (modified amino acid but acts like steroid)

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target/effect of TH

child: necessary for physical and mental development

- adult: increase metabolic rate and temperature

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thyroid c cells

calcitonin (peptide)

target/effect of calcitonin

bone,kidney ; lowers serum Ca2+

hormone of parathyroid

PTH (peptide)

target/effect of PTH

bone/kidney/small intestine; increases serum Ca2+

hormone of thymus

thymosin (children only) (peptide)

target/effect of thymosin

T cell development during childhood

hormone of adrenal medulla

epinephrine (modified amino acid)

target/effect of epinephrine

sympathetic stress response (rapid)

hormones of the adrenal cortex

- cortisol/glucocorticoid (steroid) - aldosterone/mineralcorticoid (steroid) - sex steroids

target/effect of cortisol

- longer-term stress response - increase blood glucose - increase protein catabolism - decrease inflammation and immunity

target/effect of aldosterone

- kidney | - increase Na+ reabsorption to increase BP

target/effect of sex steroids

- an adrenal tumor can overproduce these, causing masculinization or feminization

hormones of endocrine pancreas (islets of Langerhans)

- insulin (beta cells secrete) (peptide) - glucagon (alpha cells secrete) (peptide) - somatostatin (gamma cells secrete) (peptide)

target/effect of insulin

- decrease blood glucose concentration | - increase glycogen and fat storage

target/effect of glucagon

- increase blood glucose concentration | - decrease glycogen and fat storage

target/effect of somatostatin

- inhibits many digestive processes

hormone of testes

- testosterone (steroid)

target/effect of testosterone

- male characteristics | - spermatogenesis

hormones of ovaries/placenta

- estrogen (steroid) | - progesterone (steroid)

target/effect of estrogen

- female characteristics | - endometrial growth

target/effect of progesterone

- endometrial secretion | - pregnancy

hormone of the heart

- atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) (peptide)

target/effect of ANF

- kidney | - increase urination to decrease blood pressure

hormone of kidney

- erythropoietin (peptide)

target/effect of erythropoietin

- bone marrow | - increase red blood cell synthesis