hormonal condition Flashcards
what is the endocrine system
glands that send horomes to the organ whe=ic has receptors that pick it up and trigger a response
examples of hormones
insulin for blood sugars
adreneline for fight or flight
hormones are produced by the endocrine gland and control chemicals
dif between hormones and nervous system
horones are slower to effect but are much longer lasting
whats the pituary gland
the main gland that controls all the others
sends hormones to other glands telling them what hormones to release
its hormones;
send FSH that stimulates the ovarues makes females oestrogen and eggs
makes sperm and terstosterone
stimulates thyroid gland to make thyroxine through TSH- tells other glands what to do
what does tyroid gland do
releases thyroxine as instructed by the pituary gland and controls the rate of metabolism
what does the pancreas do
controls glucose levels
adrenal role
prepares for stress (tp make adrenaline)
what do ovaries do
controls developemtn of women sexual characteritis and menstural cycle
what do testes do
produce sperm and developement of men secondary sex characteristsos
how does pancreas do its function
it controls the glucose levels in the blood
a hormone called insulin controls the storage of glygcogen in liver when the blood glucose in blood is high
and a hormone called glucagon stimulates the release of glycogen stored glucose molecules back into the blood stream
what happens if theres too much glucose
if thers too much to store as glycogen it will turn into lipids, if you consume more and more you will become obesese
what does glucagon do
when theres not enough glucose the pancreas uses it tk tell the liver to break down glucose ti be put back into the blood.
it can also break down amino acids and fats for more glucose
what happens if you have type one diabetes
the pancreas doesnt make enough insullin hormone so the blood glucose levels can get too high
glucose goes out in urine if this happens so you piss a lot and it cant get into cells so you lose energy so you can to use lipids hence weight loss
what happens if you have type 2 diabetes
if you eat too much the ancreas cant make enough for your bodies weight so you lack energy and the cells stop responding to insullin
how to treat type 1 diabetes
you have to inject insulin before meals so it can combat the glucose you will digest
when excersising you have to be careful to keep blood glucose levels steady so enough glucose can be used to respire
ways they hope to cure diabetes
a pancreas implant is rare and not very successful but has been tried a lot
scientists are trying to make stem cells produce insulin, turn ones that make enzymes into insulin
they alsp hope to enjineers faulty pancreas cells to work
probs the easiest is to use embryo stem cells specially created to make insulin
how to restore glucose levels if you have type 2
eat balanced diet
lose weught/excersize
what can drugs to if you have type 2
help inslun work on cells that are rejecting it
help the pancreas make enough insulin
how does the thyroid gland work
uses iodine to create thyroxine which conrolls te metabolism
thyroxine negetive feedback system explained
if the thryroxine levels are too low the potuiry gland sends more TSH so levels increase which increases the thyroxine levels produced
what are adrenaline glands for
at the top of your kidneys they are there to prepare the body for fight or flight they contain lots of adrenaline which can be carried around the body
what does adrenaline do
increases heart and breathing rate
Tells the liver to convert glycogen itno glucose so to be ready for respiration
dialates pupils to let in more light
what are primary characteristics
ovaries and testes
main female reproductive homone
oestrogen produced by the ovaries
