hormonal and repro drugs

Question 1

chemical messengers produced by cells in one part of the body and transported to another that influences cellular activity

Answer 1

hormone

Question 2

negative feedback

Answer 2

response to low or high levels of hormones in the body

Question 3

positive feedback

Answer 3

hormone levels continue to rise due to stimulus

Question 4

anterior pituitary hormones used in vet practice

Answer 4

TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH

Question 5

posterior pituitary hormones used in practice

Answer 5

ADH, oxytocin

Question 6

TSH

Answer 6

used in Dx for hypothyroidism

Question 7

ACTH

Answer 7

used to stimulate adrenal cortex for hypo and hyperadrenocorticism

Question 8

FSH and LH

Answer 8

for reproduction

Question 9

GH

Answer 9

used to increase growth rate and feed use efficiency in livestock and increase milk production

Question 10

insulin

Answer 10

responds to rise in blood glucose and promotes uptake of glucose for energy in cells (lowers BG)

Question 11

glucagon

Answer 11

increases blood glucose levels by promoting the breakdown of glycogen into glucose (increases BG)

Question 12

diabetes mellites

Answer 12

disease of fat, carb, and protein metabolism caused by lack of insulin

Question 13

clinical signs of diabetes mellitus

Answer 13

PU, PD, PP, weight loss

Question 14

how to treat diabetes mellitus

Answer 14

diet and meds

Question 15

DKA

Answer 15

diabetic ketoacidosis

Question 16

hallmark of diabetes mellitus

Answer 16

persistent fasting hyperglycemia

Question 17

insulin must be given ____ and cannot be given_____

Answer 17

with food, orally

Question 18

insulin

Answer 18

used to treat DM by keeping glucose in proper range

Question 19

short-acting insulin

Answer 19

used for initial treatment of DKA that lasts 1-2 hours
ex. humulin R, novolin R

Question 20

intermediate-acting insulin

Answer 20

used to control blood glucose in uncomplicated cases of DM lasts 12 hours
ex. humulin N, novolin N, vetsulin

Question 21

long-acting insulin

Answer 21

used to control blood glucose for longer periods of time, especially in cats, lasts 12-18 hrs
ex. glargine, detimir, prozinc

Question 22

measuring insulin

Answer 22

units of insulin/ mL (U-40, U-100, U-500) 1 unit= 0.01 ml

Question 23

U-100 insulin is _____ stronger than U-40

Answer 23

2.5 times

Question 24

oral hypoglycemic agents are _____

Answer 24

not typically done

Question 25

hyperglycemic agents

Answer 25

only used for insulinoma

Question 26

function of thyroid gland

Answer 26

metabolism, regulation of body temp, HR, skin health

Question 27

hormones from thyroid

Answer 27

T4 or T3

Question 28

abnormalities in thyroid

Answer 28

hyper and hypo thyroidism

Question 29

hypothyroidism

Answer 29

decreased coat condition, loss of hair, bilateral flank alopecia, weight gain, puffy

Question 30

thyroid therapy

Answer 30

levothyroxine (T4)

Question 31

hyperthyroidism

Answer 31

increased thirst, weight loss, ++ defecation, tachycardia, palpable thyroid

Question 32

treatment for hyperthyroidism

Answer 32

I-131 (iodine), methimazole

Question 33

the adrenal cortex releases what

Answer 33

mineralocorticoids (aldosterone) and glucocorticoids (cortisol)

Question 34

hypoadrenocorticism

Answer 34

adrenocortical insufficiency, middle aged female dogs, lethargy, weakness, low BP, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, low Na+, elevated K+, azotemia

Question 35

Dx addisons

Answer 35

ACTH stimulation test

Question 36

Tx for addisons

Answer 36

corticosteroids-dexamethasone, fludrocortisone, desoxycorticosterone

Question 37

hyperadrenocorticism

Answer 37

PU, PD, PP, hair loss, pot belly

Question 38

Dx cushings

Answer 38

ACTH or dexamethasone test

Question 39

Tx cushings

Answer 39

trilostane ****

Question 40

key hormone in reproduction

Answer 40

gonadotropin releasing hormone, stimulate gonads

Question 41

FSH

Answer 41

follicle stimulating hormone

Question 42

LH

Answer 42

causes maturation of the follicle in ovulation

Question 43

after ovulation, the follicle is called ______ and releases _______

Answer 43

corpus luteum, progesterone

Question 44

human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)

Answer 44

used to treat cystic ovaries in cattle, detect cryptorchidism in dogs, get infertile bitches to cycle, and make breeding mares ovulate

Question 45

pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG)

Answer 45

used to stimulate cycle and ovulation in mares, follicle stim in many species

Question 46

gonadorelin (GnRH)

Answer 46

treat follicular cysts in cattle, estrus synch in cattle, induce estrus in many species

Question 47

testosterone

Answer 47

made in interstitial cells, used to treat infertility and hypogonadism, and urinary incontinence (CIII)

Question 48

mibolerone

Answer 48

blocks release of LH from anterior pituitary gland and follicle does not develop, used to develop estrus in dogs and prevent false pregnancies, not safe for cats

Question 49

progesterone

Answer 49

decreases uterine activity in estrus or pregnant female, used to treat behavior problems and some dermatitis

Question 50

examples of progesterone

Answer 50

megestrol, medroxyprogesterone acetate, altrenogest, progesterone, melengestrol

Question 51

control estrus and false pregnancy, dermatologic conditions in cats

Answer 51

megestrol acetate (ovaban, megace)

Question 52

side effects of megestrol acetate

Answer 52

endometrial hyperplasia, adrenal depression

Question 53

suppress estrus in dogs and cats

Answer 53

medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-provera)

Question 54

side effects of medroxy

Answer 54

pyometra, mammary changes

Question 55

suppress estrus in mares, supplement for progesterone for pregnancy

Answer 55

altrenogest (Regu-mate)

Question 56

synch estrus in cattle, used with estrogen

Answer 56

Norgestomet (synchro-mate-b)

Question 57

uses of estrogen

Answer 57

female sex characters, prevent implantation of ova, aid in expulsion of expelled placenta, induce estrus in non-breeding season in horses

Question 58

examples of estrogen

Answer 58

estradiol cypionate, diethylstilbestrol, incurin

Question 59

prostaglandins

Answer 59

causes lysis to corpus luteum which initiates estrus, used to treat pyometra and abortions, synch estrus in cattle and horses

Question 60

examples of prostaglandins

Answer 60

dinoprost, fluprostenol, cloprostenol

Question 61

how are growth promotants prepared for sheep and cattle (promote weight gain)

Answer 61

compressed pellets implanted SQ into ear

Question 62

examples of growth promotants

Answer 62

estradiol, test, progesterone, trenbolone, zeranol

Question 63

anabolic steroids

Answer 63

tissue building affect, synthetic, CIII (stanozolol)