antiparasitic Flashcards
relationship where one animal benefits and the other is harmed
parasitic
parasites can be contracted by
animal to animal, ingestion, insects, direct contact with parasite
helminths are divided into 2 categories
nematodes (roundworm and hookworms) and platyhelminths (tapeworms and flukes)
work by interfering with energy metabolism of worm
benzimidazoles
has antifungal and anti inflammatory effect
thiabendazole
wide spectrum of activity given for 3 ys
fenbendazole
generic name for valbazen
albendazole
stimulate nematodes cholinergic nervous system leading to paralysis
imidazothiazoles
example of imidazothiazoles
levamisole
mimic action of ACh and cause paralysis to ascarids, pinworms, and strongyles and hookworms
tetrahydropyrimidines
examples of tetrahydropyrimidines
pyrantel pamoate (Nemex, Strongid) pyrantel tartrate, and morantel tartrate
strongid is affected against
hooks and rounds
bind to certain channels in the parasite nerve and muscle cells causing paralysis and death, heartworms and mange
avermectins (macrocyclic lactones)
examples of avermectins
ivermectin, moxidectin
breeds sensitive to ivermectin
collies, sheepdogs, and mixes
blocks neuromuscular transmission in the parasite, only against ascarids
piperazine
increases cestodes cell membrane permeability (disintegrates) can also be used on fleas
praziquantel
disintegration of cestode (taenia and dipylidium)
epsiprantel
only effective against taenia species
fenbendazole
suffix for tapes
-antel
works by inhibiting trematodes enzyme systems for energy production (fasciola hepatica)
clorsulon
interferes with energy metabolism of trematode
albendazole
effective against lung trematodes in dogs and cats
praziquantel
topical antiparasitic stimulate presynaptic receptors, paralysis, and death
depsipeptides
trade name; topically for cats treating hook, round, and tape
profender
SE profender
lethargy, salivation, vomiting, neuro signs
protozoal infection that causes intestinal disorders
coccidiosis
reduces number of oocytes shed by cocci
sulfadimethoxine (Albon)
neuro disease in horses caused by S. neurona
myeloencephalitis
Tx for myeloencephalitis
Ponazuril (Marquis)
ponazuril can also be used for
toxoplasma spp, coccidia, and neospora caninum
protozoal disease caused by Giardia
giardiosis
drugs that treat giardiosis
metronidazole, febendazole, albendazole
drugs for Babesia sp. from ticks
imidocarb
heartworm disease is caused by
dirofilaria immitis
managing hw disease
prevention, adulticide therapy, eradication
oral hw preventatives
ivermectin, milbemycin
topical hw preventatives
selamectin, moxidectin
6-12 month injectable hw prevention
moxidectin
adulticide hw therapy
melarsomine (given in epaxial)
bravecto
fluoliner chews; administered every 12 weeks, reaches tissue fluids so when fleas and ticks feed, they die
NexGard
afoxolaner; stimulates fleas nervous system causing them to rise to top of dogs coat and they die
advantix
imidacloprid and permethrin; topical solution for flea, ticks, mosquitoes, and flies
advantage II
imidacloprid; kills adults, larvae, and eggs, kills on contact
Frontline, TopSpot, Fiproguard
fipronil; fight fleas and ticks
comfortis
spinosad (flea and tick)
capstar
nitenpyram (flea and tick)