Horizontal Gene Transfer

Question 1

vertical gene transfer

Answer 1

the transmission of an entire genome from offspring to parent

Question 2

horizontal gene transfer

Answer 2

the acquisition of a piece of DNA from another cell, not through traditional reproduction

Question 3

What 3 things can transfer DNA among prokaryotes?

Answer 3

transposable elements, bacteriophages, and plasmids

Question 4

How is DNA transferred from one cell to another? (3)

Answer 4

• Conjugation
• Transformation
• Transduction

Question 5

transformation

Answer 5

uptake and expression of exogenous free DNA from the environment?

Question 6

Cells that can take up free DNA and be transformed are called _________.

Answer 6

competent

Question 7

electroporation:

Answer 7

increases permeability of membrane

Question 8

conjugation

Answer 8

transfer of DNA between bacteria through direct contact

Question 9

What 2 things does conjugation require?

Answer 9

1. cell-to-cell contact

2. special transfer plasmid

Question 10

conjugative plasmids

Answer 10

carry genes for sex pili and transfer of the plasmid

Question 11

dissimilation plasmids

Answer 11

encode enzymes for catabolism of unusual compounds

Question 12

r factors

Answer 12

encode antibiotic resistance

Question 13

Some bacteria can transfer genes across _______.

Answer 13

domains

Question 14

transduction

Answer 14

the process in which bacteriophages (viruses) carry host DNA from one bacterial cell to another

Question 15

transposons

Answer 15

segments of DNA that can move from one location to another