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Microbiology > Fungus > Flashcards

Fungus Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Fungi

A

heterotrophic eukaryotes that acquire nutrition through absorption

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2
Q

Heterotrophic

A

unable to fix carbon

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3
Q

absorptive nutrition

A

fungi release digestive enzymes into the environment, the enzymes breakdown larger molecules into smaller molecules that can be absorbed

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4
Q

what do fungi have in their cell walls?

A

chitin

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5
Q

What do fungi have in their cell membrane?

A

ergosterol

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6
Q

most fungi: (2)

A
  1. grow hypae 2. produce spores
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7
Q

what are spores used for in bacteria and fungus?

A

species identification

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8
Q

2 main differences between fungal and bacterial spores

A
  1. fungus use them for reproduction, bact do not

2. bact use them for survival, fungus do not

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9
Q

Cyrphonectria parasitica

A

chestnut blight

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10
Q

ergot of rye

A

Claviceps purpurea

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11
Q

ergotamine

A

vasoconstrictor

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12
Q

orgonovine

A

spontaneous abortion

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13
Q

ergine & lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide

A

convulsive ergotism

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14
Q

Ustilago maydis

A

Corn smut

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15
Q

Hemileia vastatrix

A

coffee rust

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16
Q

Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd)

A

Chytrid fungus - causes skin infection in frogs

17
Q

White-nose syndrome

A

Pseudogymnoascus destructans

18
Q

What temperature range does white-nose syndrome prosper?

A

4-20C (Psychrophilic)

19
Q

Candida albicans

A

yeast infections, thrush, and life-threatening systemic infections in immune-compromised individuals

20
Q

5 medicines derived from fungi

A
  1. antibiotics
  2. antifungals
  3. cholesterol lowering agents
  4. immune suppressors
  5. alkaloids
21
Q

Morchelia esculenta

A

morels

22
Q

Agaricus bisporus

A

button mushrooms

23
Q

Coprinopsis atramentarius

A

inky cap mushroom

24
Q

inky cap mushrooms produce:

A

coprine

25
Q

Coprine inhibits:

A

alcohol dehydrogenase

26
Q

Aspergillus fungi are used to produce:

A

soy sauce and miso paste

27
Q

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is used to produce:

A

beer and wine

28
Q

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

A

budding yest; brewers yeast; bakers yeast

29
Q

What is an important model system for basic biology?

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

30
Q

What was the 1st eukaryotic genome sequenced?

A

Saccharomyces cerevisiae

31
Q

Magnaporthe grisae

A

rice blast fungus

32
Q

industrial importance of rice blast fungus:

A

interest in use as adhesive

33
Q

Ascocoryne sarcoides use:

A

myco-diesel; grows on cellulose and produces medium-chain C metabolites

34
Q

Wood decay

A

removes pile-up of dead plant material and recycles nutrients

35
Q

White rot fungi

A

degrades lignin and cellulose; leaves wood pale and stringy

36
Q

Brown rot fungi

A

degrade cellulose; lignin oxidizes and crumbles

Microbiology (21 decks)

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