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Biology > Homework Quiz 8 > Flashcards

Homework Quiz 8 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Enhancers are

A

DNA sequences to which activator proteins bind

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2
Q

in thinking about the role in cell division proto-oncogenes are like the blank of a car while tumor suppressor genes are like the blank of a car

A

Gas pedal

brakes

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3
Q

Which of the following statements regarding RNA is false

RNA contains dextrose
one RNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in it’s structure
RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

A

RNA does not contain dextrose it contains ribose

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4
Q

Mutations in the p53 gene can lead to cancer by

A

Producing A protein that cannot inhibit cell division

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5
Q

The p53 gene makes

A

Tumor suppressor proteins

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6
Q

Combining DNA from two sources into one piece of DNA is

A

Recombinant DNA

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7
Q

Exons are spliced together in

A

Eukaryotic RNA

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8
Q

The following regulate protein production

A

Breakdown of mRNA
Protein breakdown
Protein activation

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9
Q

Does DNA replication regulate protein production

A

No

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10
Q

the directions for each amino acid in a polypeptide are indicated by a codon that consists of blank nucleotides in an RNA molecule

A

Three nucleotides make up a codon which codes for an amino acid

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11
Q

we would expect that a 15 nucleotide sequence that includes a stop codon at the end (as part of the 15-nucleotide sequence) will direct the production of a polypeptide that consists of

A

4 amino acids.
It consists of four amino acids because the last codon or the stop codon tells the ribosome to stop making protein
The last codon doesn’t make an amino acid

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12
Q

The relationship between DNA and histones is most like

Thread wrapped around the spool

The candy shell surrounding the chocolate and a piece of an m&m candy

An egg yolk inside of an egg

A spoon cradling peas

A

Thread wrapped around the school because the DNA strands wrap around the histones

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13
Q

which of the following options best depicts the flow of information when a gene directs the synthesis of a cellular component

A

DNA to RNA to protein

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14
Q

The expression of the tryptophan operon is controlled by

A

A repressor that is active when it binds to tryptophan.

The tryptophan operon stops making tryptophan when there is too much tryptophan present.

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15
Q

Which is likely to occur in the e coli cells that are grown in milk?

the trp repressor is activated and the cells will produce lactose utilizing enzymes

A

Lactose utilizing enzymes are only produced when there is lactose present.

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16
Q

Activators are

A

Proteins that bind to DNA and turn on operons

And help RNA polymerase bind to a promoter

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17
Q

In the genetic code

A

Many amino acids are specified by more than one codon aka the genetic code is degenerate

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18
Q

Where do transcription and translation occur in prokaryotic cells

A

Transcription and translation occur in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells because prokaryotes do not have a nucleus

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19
Q

The transfer of genetic information from DNA to RNA is

A

Transcription

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20
Q

The lac operon in e coli

A

Prevents lactose utilizing enzymes from being expressed when lactose is absent from the environment

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21
Q

Which of the following enzymes catalyzes the production of a strand of RNA from DNA

A

RNA polymerase

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22
Q

A vaccine works by:

Stimulating the immune system

Inhibiting bacterial replication

Preventing the translation of mRNA

Inhibiting viral replication

A

Stimulating the immune system

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23
Q

Which mammal has not yet been cloned and brought through the complete gestation cycle

Human

Cat

Cow

Pig

A

Human

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24
Q

Which of the following statements regarding DNA is false

DNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

DNA molecules have a sugar phosphate backbone

One DNA molecule can include four different nucleotides in its structure

A

DNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil

DNA contains thymine instead of uracil

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25
Q

Pyrimidines

A

Thymine cytosine and uracil

26
Q

Purines

A

Adenine and guanine

27
Q

Which of the following is a function of a TRNA molecule?

Joining two only one specific type of amino acid

Transferring nucleotides to rrna

Recognizing the appropriate anticodons and mRNA

Hoping to translate codons into nucleic acids

A

TRNA joins to only one specific type of amino acid

it does not transfer nucleotides nor does it recognize anticodons as TRNA has anticodons and it does not translate codons into nucleic acids as codons are not transfer slated into nucleic acids are translated into proteins

28
Q

if you commit a crime you need to make sure that you do not leave the smallest speck of organic matter from your body if you do the DNA in this material can be amplified by blank subject to genetic analysis and used to identify you as the perpetrator

PCR
Restriction digest
Str analysis

A

PCR

29
Q

The shape of a DNA molecule is most like

A

A twisted rope ladder

30
Q

What do restriction enzymes do

A

Restriction enzymes cut DNA at specific points

31
Q

The term gene expression refers to

A

How genetic information is used to make proteins

It is a process by which genetic information flows from genes to proteins

32
Q

In a prokaryote a group of genes with related functions along with their associated control sequences defines an

A

Operon

33
Q

a normal muscle cell produces the myosin protein which allows muscles to contract you discover a single muscle cell that has trnas that do not bind two amino acids will the my scene Gene be expressed in this muscle so why or why not

A

No because if the trnas do not bind two amino acids then translation cannot occur

34
Q

The cloning of Dolly the sheep

A

Demonstrated that the nuclei from differentiated mammalian cells can retain their full genetic potential

35
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the flow of genetic information is false

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic
Cells

polypeptides form proteins that determine the appearance and function of the cell and organism

Eukaryotic mRNA is processed in several ways before export out of the nucleus

Ribosomes function as factories that quoting the function of mRNA and TRNA

A

Transcription occurs in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells

36
Q

The tortoiseshell pattern on a cat comes from

A

X chromosome inactivation

37
Q

Electrophoresis sorts DNA molecules on the basis of their

A

Size

38
Q

Which of the following takes place during translation

the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins

The conversion of genetic information from the language of proteins to the language of enzymes

the conversion of genetic information from the language of nucleic acids to the language of proteins

The conversion of genetic information from DNA nucleotides into RNA nucleotides

A

The conversion of genetic information the language of nucleic acids language of proteins

39
Q

When plasmids are used to produce a desired protein

A

The desired Gene is inserted into the plasmid and the plasmid is returned to the bacterium by transformation

40
Q

The monomers of DNA and RNA are

A

Nucleotides

41
Q

Any change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA is called a

A

Mutation

42
Q

In DNA the amount of adenine is equal to the amount of

A

Thymine

43
Q

In DNA the amount of guanine is equal to the amount of

A

Cytosine

44
Q

The polymerous chain reaction relies upon unusual heat-resistant blank that were isolated from bacteria living in hot springs

A

DNA polymerases

45
Q

Which statement about genomics is false

DNA technology limits genomic studies to prokaryotes

The first complete genome to be sequenced was a prokaryote

whole sets of genes and their interactions are studied in the field of genomics

Genes from different species that have analogous sequences suggest similar function

A

It is false that DNA technology limits genomic studies to prokaryotes as the human genome has been sequenced and animal cells are not prokaryotic they are eukaryotic

46
Q

Which is not a factor that contributes to normal cells becoming cancerous

A

The production of more effective suppressor Gene products

47
Q

What is proteomics

A

The study of a full set of proteins encoded by a genome

48
Q

The lac operon of e coli is blank when the repressor is bound to blank

A

Active lactose

49
Q

Mutations in the proto-oncogene ras and the tumor suppressor Gene p53

A

Disrupt normal regulation of the cell cycle

50
Q

Which statement regarding skin cells and muscle cells in your body is true

skin cells and muscle cells each contain information about muscle proteins and skin color

Muscle cells contain information about muscle proteins but not about skin color

Muscle cells contain information about skin color but not about muscle proteins

Skin cells contain information about skin color but not about muscle proteins

A

Skin cells and muscle cells each contain information about both muscle proteins and skin color

51
Q

Reading frame

A

Which nucleotide starts the first codon

52
Q

For each segment of DNA there are blank many possible reading frames

A

6

53
Q

64 codons code for

A

20 amino acids

54
Q

P there are blank stop codons

A

UAA UAG UGA

55
Q

The met codons starts DNA translation

A

Aug

56
Q

A frameshift mutation is the change in

A

The reading frame

57
Q

Regulatory gene

A

Controls when gene expression happens

58
Q

Transcriptomics

A

Studying mRNA pools

59
Q

Proteomics

A

Study of all Proteins

Looking at the jobs of proteins

60
Q

Metabolomics

A

Studying all processes and products that proteins make

Biology (15 decks)

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