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Final Help Flashcards

1
Q

Physical science

A

Study of non-living things

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2
Q

Inductive reasoning

A

Using observation to make conclusion

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3
Q

Deductive reasoning

A

General to specific. Parts from a principle

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4
Q

Artificial selection

A

How humas alter which characteristics flourish

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5
Q

Systems Biology

A

Studying interactions in biological systems

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6
Q

Emergent properties

A

Group properties not properties of the individual

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7
Q

Modern synthesis

A

Fusion of genetics and evolution

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8
Q

Population genetics

A

What changes allele frequency through time

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9
Q

Allele frequency

A

How often an allele is in a population

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10
Q

Gene pool

A

Total Alleles in a place

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11
Q

Founder effect

A

New event that causes a change in gene frequency

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12
Q

Hardy Weinberg principle

A

Equation that calculated gene frequency

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13
Q

P2

A

Dominant homozygous

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14
Q

Q2

A

Homo recessive

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15
Q

2pq

A

Heterozygous

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16
Q

Genetic Drift

A

Random deleting of an allele

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17
Q

Bottle neck

A

Large original population that goes through a drastic change and results in little population

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18
Q

Gene flow

A

How genes move from one environment to another

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19
Q

Environmental impacts

A

Can also cause changes in alleles

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20
Q

Natural selection

A

Can also impact the gene frequency

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21
Q

Stabilizing selection

A

Average phenotype is favored

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22
Q

Directional selection

A

Change in environment that changes the spectrum of phenotype chooses one end of the spectrum

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23
Q

Diversifying selection

A

. individuals on both sides of spectrum are favored but not the middle

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24
Q

Frequency dependent selection

A

Favors common or rare phenotypes

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25
Dimorphism
Difference in males and females
26
Sexual selection
More favored by other sex reproduce
27
What makes a nucleotide
- sugar - nitrogenous base - phosphate
28
Monomers of DNA and | RNA
Nucleotides
29
A phospholipid is made of
Glycerol and 2 fatty acids
30
Bonds between 2 nitrogens
3
31
Tryglycerides are
Lipids
32
Which donates electrons in salt
Na+
33
Comparing a pH of 1 with a pH of 2
pH of 1 is 10 times more acidic
34
Tertiary structure is
The 3D shape of the protein
35
Quartenary structure
2 or more polypeptides
36
___ differentiates one protein from another
Amino acid sequence
37
Hydrogen binds give water a
High heat capacity
38
Organic compounds
Contain carbon
39
Amino acids are made of
Carboxyl and amino groups and an R group
40
Organisms do NOT have a
Constant internal environment
41
Ice is less dense than water
True
42
Hydrolysis
Breaks down with water
43
Which fat is more likely to cause heart disease
Trans fat
44
Glycogen is the equivalent of ___ in plants
Starch
45
Photoautotrophs make
Organic molecules from inorganic molecules
46
Anaerobic reactions
Transfer energy to ATP molecules Break down glucose into 2 pyruvic acid molecules Occur in the absence of oxygen
47
Giving a message from a membrane receptor to a molecule happens when
A signaling molecule binds to a protein outside of the cell
48
Chlorophyll is in
Thylakoid membranes
49
Anabolic metabolism refers to
Reactions that make compounds
50
Stomata
Holes where CO2 oxygen and water are exchanged
51
Photophosphorylation moves H+ from the stroma to the thylakoids, this creates an H+ gradient
True
52
Volume increases faster than
Surface area
53
What provides the boost of electrons
Photons
54
Pyruvate forms after
Glycolysis
55
Carbon fixation is taking CO2 and
Making it into an organic molecule
56
The citric acid cycle doesn't make
Pyruvate
57
Mitochondria contain
Dna and RNA code
58
Steroids
Change gene expression Combine with receptors Are soluble in lipids
59
Cellular respiration is
Breaking down sugar and oxygen to make glucose
60
What does the Calvin cycle produce
Glucose ADP | NADP+
61
Anything that prevents ATP formation results in
Cell death
62
The electron Transport chain moves electrons from photosystem II to
Photosystem I
63
After leaving the light reactions, NADP+ Is reduced to
NADPH
64
Vitamins are
Coenzymes
65
Endergonic
Requires energy
66
Where does the electron transport chain happen
Mitochondrial memebrane
67
Mesophyll
Middle part of a leaf
68
Stomata
Holes on the outside of leaves
69
Light reactions
Harvesting of light to power the electron Transport chain and make ATP and NADPH

Biology (15 decks)

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