HIV Clinical Overview Flashcards
Defining HIV over 18months
ELISA test reactive and another ELISA test reactive
Then confirmed
Below 18 months
Maternal ABs could complicated the test so need to test at multiple stages
1st and 2nd gen ELISA
Use IgG…problem is that you had to wait too long after acquisition
3rd gen ELISA
Looked at IgG and IgM
4th gen ELISA
Measures p24 antigen…now only 10-14 days after acquisition
HIV diagnositc algorithim
If positive 4th gen immunoassay, then test for HIV-1, HIV-2…if that is negative, check the viral load
How can you measure actual amount of HIV?
4th gen with viral lload
Progression of HIV
Primary infection around 1000 CD4s, rapid drop then maybe increase during latency…eventually hits 0
Acute HIV test
Detectable RNA, but negative or indeterminate AB test
4 important HIV symtoms (acute)
Fever, lymphadenopathy, sore throat, rash
What differentiates HIV from EBV
Mucocutaneous ulcerations
Defining AIDS
HIV positive with CD4 ever below 200 OR
HIV positive and AIDS defining illness
Individuals at risk for HIV screening
Yearly
Most common HIV defining infection
PCP
Oral candidiasis common in HIV positive, even early stages
BActerial HIV dz
Strep pneumo
H influenzae
P aeruginosa
S aureus