History - WWI 🔫 Flashcards
When did WWI start?
1914
When did WWI end?
1918
What were the two main military alliances involved in 1914?
Triple Alliance and Triple Entente
What 3 countries were a part of the Triple Entente?
France, United Kingdom and Russia
What 3 countries were a part of the Triple Alliance?
German, Italy and Austria-Hungary
What is an alliance?
An alliance is an understanding, usually between two countries, to help each other in a time of need
What are the four main causes of WWI?
Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism
What happened in 1871 to disturb the political balance of power in Europe?
In 1871, unified Germany disturbed the “old balance of power”
What was Germany’s goal after becoming independent?
They wanted to become a great power like Britain.
Why was Germany worried that France would attack them in 1870?
They had won a war to get Alsace-Lorraine, and were worried that France would try to win it back.
In 1870, which country was struggling to keep their empire?
Austria-Hungary.
What did France do to protect themselves from Germany after losing the Alsace-Lorraine?`
In 1871, as a result of losing the Alsace-Lorraine to Germany, France feared more attacks and so it started building its forces.
When was the Dual Alliance formed? Between which countries was it formed?
In 1879, the Dual alliance between Germany and Austria-Hungary was formed.
What did the Dual Alliance mean for Germany and Austria-Hungary?
This gave each other support if one was invaded by Russia, and Guaranteed Neutrality if invaded by another major European power.
When and why was the Triple Alliance formed?
Italy thought it would benefit from a secret alliance with Germany and the Austria-Hungarian empire. The triple alliance was formed (1882)
What was the Reinsurance treaty?
A treaty between Russia and Germany in 1887. It was secret, and would guarantee they stay neutral if attacked. However, it expired in 1890.
What was the alliance formed because France was isolated and Russia was vulnerable?
The Franco Russian alliance.
Why did France and Russia form an alliance? When was this?
In 1894, the fear of Germany encouraged Russia and France to form alliance.
What were the terms of the Franco-Russian Alliance?
It was to remain in place as long as the Triple Alliance existed. If one of the Triple alliance members attacked France or Russia, the ally would attack the aggressor in question.
What did the alliance between France and Russia cause?
The alliance between Russia and France pushed Germany closer into alliance with their neighbor Austria-Hungary.
What was the Entente Cordiale?
The alliance between Britain and France., even though they were enemies for a very long time. It was in 1904.
What was the alliance between Britain, France, and Russia?
The Triple Entente. There wasn’t actually a 3 way alliance.
How did Rival power blocs maintain armies?
Members of rival power blocs maintained mass armies through compulsory military service (Basically making it required to be in the military)
Why did power blocs have to spend a lot of money on their armies?
Rapid developments in military technology forced them to spend huge sums on these armies