History - Revolutions 🗽

Question 1

What is the definition of a revolution?

Answer 1

A revolution is a fundamental transformation

of political, social, and economic institutions.

Question 2

What are the two models of revolutions?

Answer 2

The Thermodynamic Model (fire) and the Hydraulic Model (water)

Question 3

What does the thermodynamic model suggest?

Answer 3

Its suggests that grievances can feed on themselves over time as issues build up (the “thermal” part), and that as governments fail to respond there is a push and pull between the people and the state (the “dynamic” part)

Question 4

What does the hydraulic model suggest?

Answer 4

It suggests that grievances against the government build up over time like a rising flood. If the government represses the agitation of the people, It may be under control for a while but eventually overwhelm and break, like a dam.

Question 5

Briefly summarize what Aristotle said is the chief cause for revolutionary feeling.

Answer 5

The desire of equality or the desire of inequality and superiority.

Question 6

What were Americans who settled in towns considered before the revolution?

Answer 6

British subjects.

Question 7

Before the American revolution, women’s rights were based on…

Answer 7

Where they lived and whether or not they were married or had property

Question 8

Why did British subjects get angry with the British government?

Answer 8

They had no direct representation in parliament, and did not agree with many laws and taxes.

Question 9

What was the British Government’s excuse for taxing the colonies?

Answer 9

“Virtual representation”

Question 10

What is Virtual Representation?

Answer 10

The idea that Members of the Parliament represented and made laws on behalf of all British subjects
everywhere whether they had someone directly representing them or not.

Question 11

After America declared Independence from Britain, they tried setting up their own government. Did the first government succeed?

Answer 11

The first government failed. The second one - the Constitution - succeeded and is still here to this day.

Question 12

How did representation change after the revolution?

Answer 12

Eligible voters could now elect representatives to
Congress to make decisions on their behalf. Eligible voters could also elect electors who would then vote for the president.

Question 13

Who were considered American Citizens after the revolution?

Answer 13

Free white people

Question 14

How did the thirteen colonies pay for the war against Britain?

Answer 14

By borrowing money from allies, printing paper money, and issuing promissory notes (promise to pay money)

Question 15

What is a trade surplus?

Answer 15

When the value of goods exported is higher than the value of goods imported to the country.

Question 16

What is a trade deficit?

Answer 16

When the value of goods imported to the country is higher than the value of goods exported from the country.

Question 17

Why did America get into a trade deficit?

Answer 17

England increased the price of goods they exported exponentially.

Question 18

What was the independent US like?

Answer 18

it was a society of class conflicts, protests, and demands for equality. Individual states responded to the debt crisis by raising taxes. Those in debt pushed back.

Question 19

Was there slavery in the independent US?

Answer 19

Yes.

Question 20

Was slavery referred to directly in the constitution?

Answer 20

No, it was very vaguely referred to.

Question 21

According to the constitution, what happens to a slave that runs away and is caught?

Answer 21

They must be returned.

Question 22

According to the constitution, the slave trade cannot be stopped until…

Answer 22

1808, dont ask why.

Question 23

From 1790 to 1840, did slavery become more common?

Answer 23

Yes, it spread throughout America.

Question 24

What was the Shays rebellion?

Answer 24

When farmers got together to rebel as they were not given enough compensation from their help in the war.

Question 25

What did Abigail Adams ask her husband?

Answer 25

She asked him to give women more rights.

Question 26

How did John Adams respond to his wife?

Answer 26

He laughed.

Question 27

Before the revolution, large families were ____

Answer 27

Celebrated.

Question 28

Before the revolution, what were white married women expected to devote their lives to do?

Answer 28

Have children.

Question 29

How often did women give birth before the revolution?

Answer 29

Roughly every 18 months to 2 years.

Question 30

During the revolution, women started to ____.

Answer 30

During the revolution, women started to question the idea that they had to devote their lives to children.

Question 31

What happened to the birth rate from 1760 onwards?

Answer 31

It decreased.

Question 32

How were enslaved black women treated?

Answer 32

Pregnancy was seen as a source of profit for their masters, their children were seen as free labour.

Question 33

How were poor white women treated?

Answer 33

Many were not married, and so had illegitimate children. These mothers could be humiliated or whipped at churches.