History of Systematics Flashcards
History of Systematics
- Ancients
- Herbalists
- Pivotal period
- Natural System
- Period of Phylogenetic Systems
- Phylogenetic and Molecular systematics
Date: Ancients
2000 BC - 1500 AD
Date: Herbalists
1500 AD - 1580 AD
Date: Pivotal Period
1580 AD - 1800 AD
Date: Natural System
1760 AD - 1880 AD
Date: Period of Phylogenetic Systems
1859 AD - Till date
Date: Phylogenetic and Molecular Systematics
1993 AD - Till date
Ancients
- Theophrastus and essentialism
- classification by habitat, emphasis on genus
- “Ladder of Life” or “Great chain of being” or “Scalae Naturae”
Herbalists
- Pedanius Dioscorides:
- De Materia Medica and connection of Greek medicine, plants and classification
- German herbalists and their herbals:
- classification of medicinal properties
People in the Pivotal Period
- Andrea Caesalpino
- John Ray
- Pierre Magnol
- Carolus Linnaeus (Carl Linnaeus):
Pivotal Period: Andrea Caesalpino
beginning of natural thought
Pivotal Period: John Ray
The concept of ‘class’ [orders]
Pivotal Period: Pierre Magnol
The concept of family
Pivotal Period: Carolus Linnaeus (Carl Linnaeus)
- sexual system of classification in Species Plantarum
Carl Linnaeus Species Plantarum
the ultimate mechanical or artificial system
People in the Natural System
- Antoine de Jussieu
- John Bentham
- Joseph Dalton Hooker
People in the Period of Phylogenetic systems
- Charles Darwin
- Adolf Engler & Karl Prantl
- Charles Bessey
- John Hutchinson
- Arther Cronquist
- Armen Takhtajan
- Robert Throne
- Rolf Dahlgren
Period of Phylogenetic systems: Charles Darwin
Impact of On the Origin of Species for classification
Period of Phylogenetic systems: Adolf Engler & Karl Prantl
“Die NatÜrlichen Pflanzenfamilien”. Salix as primitive
Period of Phylogenetic systems: Charles Bessey
dicta and cactus classification scheme considered Magnolia = Primitive
Period of Phylogenetic systems: John Hutchinson
24 Principles of Phylogeny
Phylogenetic and Molecular systematics dates
- 1993
- 1998 & 2003 APG classification system
Phylogenetic and Molecular systematics: 1993
- first major classification based on DNA
- rbcb sequencing study called Treezilla that redefined angiosperm systematics
Phylogenetic and Molecular systematics: 1998 & 2003 APG classification system
angiosperm phylogeny group
