Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Flashcards 10 > History Chapter 19-21 Test > Flashcards

History Chapter 19-21 Test Flashcards

1
Q

growing just enough food to meet personal needs

A

Subsistence Farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

the most critical factor for advancement of a nutrition

A

Mastery of food supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

created the mechanical reaper

A

Cyrus McCormick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

work was done in homes or small, private shops

A

Domestic System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

a large number of people employed to produce manufactured goods in a systematic way for wages

A

Factory System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

wages as compared to the cost of living

A

Real Wages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The _________ Revolution began in England’s textile factories

A

Industrial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

created the flying shuttle

A

John Kay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

created the spinning mule

A

Samuel Crompton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

enabled landholders to control the breeding of their livestocks

A

Enclosure Movement

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

created the practical, coal-burning steam engine

A

James Watt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What year did James Watt create the steam engine?

A

1776

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

created the first cotton gin

A

Eli Whitney

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What year did Eli Whitney create the cotton gin?

A

1793

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

created a miner’s safety lamp

A

Sir Humphry Davy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

created the process of converting iron into steel

A

Henry Bessemer & William Kelly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

allowed for easier & faster commercial transportation

A

The Erie & Suez Canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

invented the 1st steam-powered locomotive in 1814

A

George Stephenson

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

invented the internal combustion engine

A

Gottlieb Daimler

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

perfected the 1st modern automobile in 1896

A

Henry Ford

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

invented the first transatlantic cable

A

Cyrus Field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

invented the electric telegraph

A

Samuel Morse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

discovered the germ theory of disease in 1864

A

Louis Pasteur

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

developed the antiseptics for clean germs after surgery

A

Joseph Lister

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

developed the 1st vaccine for smallpox in 1796

A

Edward Jenner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

created the atomic theory

A

John Dalton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

invented the diesel engine (to power larger vehicles)

A

Rudolph Diesel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

invented the 1st working telephone in 1816

A

Alexander Graham Bell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

considered one of the greatest inventors of all time (light bulbs)

A

Thomas Edison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

America’s economic growth can be attributed to its economic system of _________.

A

Capitalism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Main Characteristics of a Capitalist (free enterprise) economy:

A
  1. Private ownership of production
  2. Investment are made by private citizens
  3. Prices and production of goods are based on the economy not the government
  4. GNP (Gross National Product) is usually high
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

founded and owned the largest steel company in the world in the late 1800’s (Gospel of Wealth)

A

Andrew Carnegie

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

known for banking

A

J.P. Morgan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

donating money to social causes to help less fortunate people

A

Philanthropy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Wrote Wealth of Nations; Largely responsible for the Rise and Success of Capitalism in America

A

Adam Smith

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

Victoria became the Queen of England at _______.

A

18 years old

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What was Queen VIctoria’s Resolution?

A

“I will be good.”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Victoria ruled for ____; which was the longest ruling monarch in English history

A

64 years

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

_______ of the earth’s surface belonged to the British Empire; “The Sun never sets on the British empire.”

A

25%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

prime consort of England; Victoria’s husband

A

Prince Albert

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

“the right to vote”; by the late 1800s, all adult males gained suffrage in England

A

Suffrage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

middle class of England

A

Liberals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Who were the middle class (Liberals) of England represented by?

A

William Gladstone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

upper class of England

A

Conservatives

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

Who were the upper class (Conservatives) of England represented by?

A

Benjamin Disraeli

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

the “Prince of Preaches” who started the Metropolitan Tabernacle Church in London; the best-known preacher of Victorian England

A

Charles Spurgeon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

best known preacher in America during the Victorian Age (preached throughout England as well)

A

D.L. Moody

48
Q

cricket player who surrendered to missions

A

G.T. Studd

49
Q

missionary to China in the 1800s; founded the CIM (China Inland Mission)

A

J. Hudson Taylor

50
Q

negotiated a treaty for trade between America & Japan

A

Matthew Perry

51
Q

one of the 1st missionaries to the interior of Japan

A

“Joseph Hardy” Neesima

52
Q

created the modern nursing profession for England during the Crimean War (1854-1856)

A

Florence Nightingale

53
Q

1st Baptist missionary to Japan; invented the rickshaw

A

Johnathan Goble

53
Q

German missionary to England known for building orphanages and his strong prayers

A

George Muller

54
Q

founder of the Salvation Army in England (1878)

A

William Booth

55
Q

offered food, shelter, & the gospel to inner-city making men

A

YMCA (Young Men’s Christian Association)

56
Q

England and their allies vs. Russia; England won and stopped in the expansion of war

A

Crimean War

57
Q

the establishment of colonies in an empire to benefit the empire

A

Imperialism

58
Q

Britain’s Reason for Expansion:

A
  1. Economic Growth (GOLD)
  2. Religious Outreach (GOD)
  3. Patriotic Pride (GLORY)
59
Q

Most of England’s growth came through ________ not war

60
Q

Powerful trade company that fought and gained control of India (great tool for British settlement)

A

East India Company

61
Q

a rebellion that started in the British control

A

Sepoy Rebellion

62
Q

translated the Bible into over 40 Indian languages and dialects and helped improve Indian education and civilization

A

William Carey

63
Q

worked for years to rescue young Indian girls from a life of prostitution in the pagan temples and to bring them to Christ.

A

Amy Carmichael

64
Q

1st European to cross the Sahara Desert; also discovered Lake Chad

A

Hugh Claperton

65
Q

most famous missionary explorer of Africa; discovered Victoria Falls

A

David Livingstone

66
Q

American explorer sent to find Livingstone; later he became a missionary explorer

A

Henry Stanley

67
Q

founded in 1847 as the 1st independent African republic

68
Q

missionaries who helped the founding and settling of Liberia

A

Lott Carey & Colin Teague

69
Q

What were the South African Dutch Farmers called?

70
Q

The Boers moved North (“Great Trek”) and established the ________ and ________.

A

Orange Free State & Transvaal

71
Q

war between the Boers and England

A

Boer War (1899)

72
Q

Australia was discovered and explored by _____ in the 1700s

A

James Cook

73
Q

increased the population of Australia by 800%

A

The Australian Gold Rush (1851)

74
Q

the natives of Australia

A

Aborigines

75
Q

natives of New Zealand

76
Q

association of nations that recognizes the British monarch as their symbolic head

A

British Commonwealth of Nation

77
Q

England & Ireland’s main source of tension was _____.

78
Q

Queen Victoria’s son, who ruled from 1901-1910

A

Edward VII

79
Q

popularized the theory of evolution in 1859; widely accepted in England by the 1900s

A

Charles Darwin

80
Q

government control of the nation’s resources and finances; “the greatest happiness for the greatest number”

81
Q

the false teaching that the Bible is not God’s Word but stories & myths

82
Q

the “right” of the people to rebel against governments & form their own; usually leads to anarchy

A

Revolutionary Nationalism

83
Q

all truth can be changed or altered

A

Relativism

84
Q

2 opposing views (thesis & antithesis) will logically come to a correct conclusion (synthesis); founded by G.W.F. Hegel

A

Dialectic Thinking

85
Q

elies on emotions & intelligence to “find God”

A

Religious Liberalism

86
Q

Father of Theological Liberalism

A

Friedrich Schleiermacher

87
Q

questioning the authenticity, truth, & accuracy of the Bible

A

Higher Criticism

88
Q

Romantic movement that began in France & Germany

A

The Romantic Period

89
Q

5 English poets that dominated the Romantic Period

A

Wordsworth, Coleridge, Lord Byron, Shelley, & Keats

90
Q

Famous French Romanticists

A

Victor Hugo & Delacroix

91
Q

Famous German Romanticists

A

Goethe & Wagner

92
Q

false idea that God is not separate from nature but nature is God

93
Q

a European meeting to fix the political & border issues caused by the Napoleonic Wars led by Prince von Metternich (“Prince of Diplomats”)

A

Congress of Vienna

94
Q

Austria, Prussia, Russia, Great Britain, & France formed the ______

A

Quintuple Alliance

95
Q

led several Latin American nations to independence; by 1825, most of Latin America was free from European rule

A

Simon Bolivar (“The Liberator”)

96
Q

In 1823, President Monroe stated that European involvement in Latin America was not allowed, this is called the ______.

A

Monroe Doctrine

97
Q

king after Napoleon’s fall & the re-established monarchy

A

Louis XVIII

98
Q

overthrew Charles X because France became dissatisfied with its weak government

A

July Revolution

99
Q

King of Belgium; his successor Leopold II is remembered for colonizing the Congo

100
Q

France deposed Louis Philippe & Louis Napoleon (Napoleon III) was elected “president”

A

Revolution of 1848 (June Days Revolution)

101
Q

attempted to lead a French-supported revolution in Mexico; it failed and he was executed

A

Archduke Maximilian of Austria

102
Q

nicknamed “Young Italy”

A

Giuseppe Mazzini

103
Q

leader of the Red Shirts

A

Giuseppe Garibaldi

104
Q

first king of a united Italy

A

Victor Imanuel II

105
Q

strongest German state in the Confederation led by Otto von Bismarck

106
Q

Germany won & was united as a nation under King Wilhelm in 1871

A

Franco-Prussian War

107
Q

era when Germany became a powerful industrial & military nation under Bismarck

A

Era of Bismarck

108
Q

dismissed Bismarck & expanded Germany’s borders

A

Wilhelm II

109
Q

strengthened the German navy

A

Admiral von Tirpitz

110
Q

split itself into the Austro-Hungarian Empire; this is a dual monarchy (1 monarch leading 2 nations)

111
Q

led the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary

A

Francis Joseph I

112
Q

sought to forcibly establish a more “democratic” system in France

A

Paris Commune

113
Q

reconciled differences between France & Great Britain

A

Entente Cordiale

114
Q

alliance between France, Great Britain, & Russia

A

Triple Entente

115
Q

emphasized the founding of utopian (“perfect”) communities in with socialist ideas could be tried

A

Utopian Socialism

116
Q

advocated “democratic socialism”; from each according to his ability, to each according to his need

A

Louis Blanc

Flashcards 10 (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions