Histology of the Female Reproductive tract Flashcards
What is the function of the ovaries?
produce gametes
produce steroids - mainly oestrogen and progesterones
What makes up the ovaries?
medulla
cortex
What are the characteristics of the medulla of the ovaries?
forms the core of the organ
made up of loose connective tissue, contorted arteries, veins and lymphatics
continous with the hilum of the ovary
What are the characteristics of the cortex of the ovary?
scattered with ovarian follicles
outer shell made up of dense connective tissue called tunica albuginea - covered by a single layer of cuboidal cells
What is the blood supply to the ovaries?
helicine arteries that enter the hilum from the broad ligament
What happens at 6 weeks to form oocytes?
germ cells from the yolk sac invaderse the ovaries and proliferate to form oogonia then undergo development and division to form oocytes
What is oogenesis?
development of oocytes from oogonia
What is folliculogenesis?
growth of the follicle
What is atresia?
loss of oogonia and oocytes by an apoptosis based process called atresia
What stage of meosis does follicular development halt at before birth?
prophase 1 (can remain in this halted state for decades)
What is the stepwise progression from a premordial follicle to a mature graafian follicle?
premordial follicle primary follicle late primary follicle secondary follicle mature graafian follicle
How big is a mature graafian follicle?
20mm in diameter
What follicles are pre antral?
premordial follicle
primary follicle
late primary follicle
What follicles are antral?
secondary follicle
mature graafian follicle
What type of cell makes up a primary follicle?
cuboidal granulosa cells
When do cells become cuboidal?
when they enter the growth phase
Why would an oocyte die?
if it fails to associate with a pregranulosa/squamous cell
When does the zona pellucida form?
between the premordial follicle and primary follicle
What is the zona pellucida?
surrounds the primary follicle between the oocyte and granulosa cells