Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

1. Reproduction > Breast Pathology - Benign > Flashcards

Breast Pathology - Benign Flashcards

1
Q

What are the different ways to take a breast sample?

A 
FNA
Fluid
nipple discharge
nipple scrape
needle core biopsy
vacuum assisted biopsy 
skin biopsy
inscisional biopsy of mass
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What therapeutic measures can be done for breast pathologies?

A

vacuum assisted excision
excisional biopsy of mass
resection of cancer - wide local inscision or masectomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is gynaecomastia?

A

benign breast growth in males

ductal growth but no lobar development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What causes gynaecomastia?

A

endogenous hormones
cannabis
prescription drugs
liver disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are fibrocystic changes to the breasts?

A

cysts 1mm->several cm

very common

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What age are most affected with cysts?

A

30-50

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How do breast cysts present?

A

sudden pain
smooth, discrete lumps
cyclical pain
lumpiness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the pathology of breast cysts?

A

blue domed with fluid
thin but may have a fibrocytic wall
surrounded by intervening fibrosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How are breast cysts managed?

A

excise if necessary

exclude no malignancy and reassure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How are breast cysts diagnosed?

A

FNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a Hamartoma?

A

circumscribed lesion composed of cell types normal to the breast but present in an abnormal proportion or distribution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What populations are affected by fibroadenomas?

A

African women

30s

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How do fibroadenomas present?

A 
painless 
firm
discreet
mobile mass
1-3cm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the pathology of fibroadenomas?

A

gray-white in colour

proliferation of intralobular storm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are fibroadenomas diagnosed?

A

core biopsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are sclerosing lesions?

A

benign, disorderly proliferation of acini and stroma

may mimic carcinoma or cause mass or calcification

17
Q

What are two types of sclerosing lesions?

A

sclerosing adenosis

radial scar

18
Q

What is sclerosing adenosis?

A

benign but a neglible risk of subsequent carcinoma

presents with pain, tenderness, lumpiness/thickening

19
Q

How are radial scars seen pathologically?

A

stellate architecture
radiating fibrosis + central puckering
epithelial proliferation

20
Q

What may occur within radial scars?

A

in situ/invasive carcinoma

21
Q

How are radial scars picked up?

A

mammogram

- they mimic carcinoma radiologically

22
Q

How are radial scars treated?

A

excised or sampled by vacuum biopsy

23
Q

What can cause fat necrosis?

A

local trauma - seat belt injury - or warfarin therapy

24
Q

What is fat necrosis?

A

damage and distruption to adiposcytes and infiltration by acute inflammatory cells causing subsequent fibrosis and scarring

25
Q

What is duct ectasia?

A

sub aerolar duct and periductal inflammation and fibrosis

26
Q

How does duct ectasia present?

A

greenish discharge
nipple retraction and distortion
can mimic breast cancer
bloody/purulent discharge

27
Q

What is associated with causing duct ectasia?

A

smoking

28
Q

How can duct ectasia be managed?

A

stop smoking
excise duct
treat acute infections

29
Q

What are the two types/causes of acute mastitis?

A

duct ectasia

lactation

30
Q

What organisms cause duct ectasia related mastitis?

A

mixed organisms and anaerobes

31
Q

What organisms cause lactation related mastitis?

A

staph aureus and strep pyogenes

32
Q

How is mastitis treated?

A

drainage and antibiotics

33
Q

What is a Phyllodes tumour?

A

slow growing unilateral breast lump

3-6cm

34
Q

What age range do Phyllodes tumours affect?

A

40-50

35
Q

What is the pathology of Phyllodes tumour?

A

pathology predicts tumour behaviour

biphasic tumour prone to local reoccurrence

36
Q

When can Phyllodes tumour be malignant?

A

if there is sarcomatous stromal component

37
Q

What is the presentation of Intraduct papillomas?

A

age 35-60
nipple discharge +/- blood
often asymptomatic

38
Q

How are Intraduct papillomas diagnosed?

A

ultrasound guided biopsy

39
Q

What is the pathology of Intraduct papillomas?

A

2-20mm
fibrovascular core covered in mEP and epithelium
epithelium may be proliferative
can occur within a cyst

1. Reproduction (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions