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Histology > Histology Of The Female Reproductive Tract > Flashcards

Histology Of The Female Reproductive Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Where are the ovaries found

A

They ate found of either side of the uterus close to the lateral pelvis wall

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2
Q

What are the ovaries attached to and by what

A

They are attached to the broad ligament by the mesocarp
To the uterus by the utero-ovarian ligament
To the pelvic wall by the suspensory ligament

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3
Q

What makes up the ovary

A

The ovarian Cortex
The ovarian medulla

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4
Q

What makes up the ovarian cortex

A

Spindle stromatolites cells
Ovarian follicles
Some leutinised cells

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5
Q

What makes up the ovarian medulla

A

Loose fibroelastic tissue
Blood vessels
Lymphatics
Nerve

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6
Q

Where are primordial follicles located

A

In the periphery of the cortex

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7
Q

What do primordial follicles contain

A

They contain primary oocytes in a resting state

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8
Q

What are primordial follicles surrounded by

A

Single layer of epithelial cells

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9
Q

What stimulates follicular development

A

FSH from the anterior pituitary

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10
Q

When FSH is detected what happens to the primordial follicle

A

The oocytes enlarges and the follicular epithelial cells proliferate
Stromal cells become organised into connective tissue and the Zona pellucid a forms directly around the oocytes

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11
Q

What is present in a secondary follicle

A

An antrum - space filled with follicular fluid
Oocyte is supported by a stalk of granulosa cells
Connective tissue differentiates into the inner theca interna and outer theca externa

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12
Q

What are mature follicles known as

A

Graafian follicles

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13
Q

What are characteristics of mature follicles

A

Ovum is surrounded by a thick Zona pellucida
Layer of granulosa cells around the oocyte known as corona radiata
Has basal lamina
Theca interna and externa

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14
Q

How many primordial follicles are present at birth

A

400,000

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15
Q

How many of the primordial follicles present at birth actually mature

A

Approx 400

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16
Q

What does a follicle become

A

A corpus luteum

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17
Q

What does a corpus luteum do

A

They secrete progesterone and oestrogen

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18
Q

What happens to a corpus luteum if pregnancy does not occur

A

They regress

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19
Q

How many days after ovulation does regression of the corpus luteum occur

A

From day 8-9 after ovulation

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20
Q

What happens during regression of the corpus luteum

A

Granulosa cells decrease in size, develop a pyknotic nuclei and accumulate abnormal lipids
Cells undergo dissolution and are phagocytosed

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21
Q

What is a corpus albicans

A

A well circumscribed structure with convoluted borders composed entirely of densely packed collagen and occasional follicles

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22
Q

Where does the Fallopian tube run

A

Through the length of the broad ligament

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23
Q

What is the function of the Fallopian tube

A

It transports the ovum to the uterus

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24
Q

What occurs in the Fallopian tube

A

Fertilisation

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25
Q

What are the 4 segments of the Fallopian tube

A

Intramural
Isthmus
Ampulla
Infundibulum

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26
Q

Where is the intramural located

A

Inside the uterine wall

27
Q

What shape is the infundibulum

A

Trumpet shaped opening to peritoneum which has fimbriae

28
Q

What are the 2 types of cells found in the mucosa of the Fallopian tube

A

Secretory and ciliated cells

29
Q

What are the 3 layers of the uterus

A

Endometrium
Myometrium
Serosa

30
Q

What are the characteristics of the endometrium

A

Deep basal layer made up of the stratum basalis
Superficial functional layer made up of the stratum compactum and stratum spongiosum

31
Q

What stimulates the proliferation stage

A

Oestrogen stimulates this phase

32
Q

What stimulates the secretory phase

A

Progesterone stimulates this phase

33
Q

Characteristics of the early secretory phase

A

Sub-nuclear glycogen vacuoles

34
Q

Characteristics of the mid secretory phase

A

Vacuoles above and below the nucleus and later intraluminal secretions, glands more rounded stroma-oedema

35
Q

Characteristics of the late secretory phase

A

Elongated and saw toothed glands with more intrluminal secretions
Stroma has spiral arterioles, deciduous change

36
Q

What horomone is withdrawn to stimulate the menstrual phase

A

Progesterone stimulation is withdrawn

37
Q

What is the myometrium and how many layers is it made up of

A

The myometrium is a thick muscular wall with 3 illdefined layers of smooth muscle

The inner longitudinal
The middle circular
The outer longitudinal

38
Q

What makes up the endocervix

A

Loose fibromuscular stroma lined with simple columnar ciliated epithelium

39
Q

What makes up the ectocervix

A

Dense smooth muscle stroma lined by non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
With squamocloumnar junctions

40
Q

What are the different layers of the vagina

A

Mucosa - lined by non-keratinising stratified squamous epithelium. Stroma contains elastic fibres and rich vascular network

Muscular wall - smooth muscle cells, inner = circular, outer = longitudinal

Adventitia - loose connective tissue

41
Q

What makes up the vulva

A

Mons pubis
Clitoris
Labia minora
Labia majora
Vulvar vestibule
Hymen
Urethral meatus
Skeins gland
Bartholins gland
Introitus

42
Q

What tissue makes up the labia majora

A

Lined by keratinising stratified squamous epithelium and has skin adnexae

43
Q

What tissue makes up the labia minora

A

Non-keratinising stratified squamous epithelium

44
Q

What tissue is found in Bartholins gland

A

Acini lined by mucus secreting epithelium

45
Q

What tissue lines the minor vestibular glands

A

Lined by mucus secreting epithelium

46
Q

What tissue lines the skeins glands

A

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

47
Q

What tissue lines the hymen

A

Lined by non-keratinising squamous epithelium

48
Q

What makes up the clitoris

A

Erectile tissue which is rich in blood supply

49
Q

What is this showing

A

The ovary

50
Q

What are the 2 labelled sections on the image

A

The top section is the ovarian cortex
The bottom section is the ovarian medulla

51
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows pointing to

A

It is showing primordial follicles
The first arrow = primary oocyte in resting phase
The second arrow = single layer of epithelium cells

52
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows pointing to

A

This is a primary follicle
The first arrow = follicular epithelial cells proliferating
The second arrow = the enlarged oocyte

53
Q

What is this showing

A

Secondary follicle

54
Q

What is this showing

A

Corpus albicans

55
Q

What is this showing

A

Fallopian tube

56
Q

What is this showing

A

The Fallopian tube

57
Q

What phase is this endometrium in

A

Proliferative phase

58
Q

What phase is this endometrium in

A

Secretory phase

59
Q

What phase is this endometrium in

A

Menstrual phase

60
Q

What is this showing

A

Myometrium

61
Q

What is this showing

A

Endocervix

62
Q

What is this showing

A

Ectocervix

63
Q

What is this showing in general and what are the arrows showing

A

The vagina
The first arrow = mucosa
The second arrow = muscular wall
The third arrow = Adventitia

Histology (18 decks)

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