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Histology > Epithelia > Flashcards

Epithelia Flashcards

1
Q

What does epithelia comprise of

A

It comprises of cohesive sheets of cells, with one or more layers resting on a basement membrane

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2
Q

What do epithelia form barriers for

A

Protection
Absorption
Secretion

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3
Q

What is simple epithelia

A

Single layer of cells on a basement membrane

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4
Q

What is stratified epithelia

A

Tow or more layers of cells on the basement membrane

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5
Q

What are characteristics of simple squamous epithelium

A

Single layer of flattened plate like cells on the basement membrane
Parallel oval nuclei

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6
Q

Where can simple squamous epithelium be found

A

Lines blood vessels
Outside of the lungs
Abdominal organs

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7
Q

What are characteristics of simple cuboidal epithelium

A

Single layer of cells with a similar height and width that sit on a basement membrane
Central spherical nuclei

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8
Q

Where can simple cuboidal epithelium be found

A

Lining the kidney tubules and small ducts

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9
Q

What are characteristics of simple columnar epithelium

A

Single layer of cells taller than they are wide that sit on a basement membrane

May or may not have microvilli

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10
Q

Where is simple columnar epithelium be found

A

Lines the stomach, intestines and uterus

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11
Q

What are microvilli

A

Microscopic projections on a luminal surface of absorptive cells

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12
Q

What are the advantages of a tissues having microvilli

A

Increases surface area

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13
Q

Where can you find an example of cells having microvilli

A

Intestinal cells making up the intestinal brush border

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14
Q

What are cilia

A

Microscopic motile projections on luminal surfaces of cells

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15
Q

Where can cilia be found

A

Respiratory tract and reproductive tract

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16
Q

What are features of stratified epithelia

A

Protective feature
Many layers of cells
Cells are continuously been worn down and replaced by the cells from below

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17
Q

Where can stratified epithelia be found

A

Sites that are subject to abrasive forces

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18
Q

What is stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium

A

Multiple layer of cells on a basement membrane
Mature surface layers which are plate-like squames

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19
Q

Where is stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium found

A

Lines the mouth, oropharynx, oesophagus and vagina

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20
Q

What are characteristics of stratified squamous keratinising epithelium

A

Multiple layers of cells on a basement membrane
Mature surface layers are plate-like squames
Waterproof layer of keratin

21
Q

What is an example of stratified squamous keratinising epithelium

A

Skin

22
Q

What are characteristics of pseudostratified epithelium

A

Single layer of cells of variable height, which mimicking multiple layers on a basement membrane

All cells in contact with basement membrane

23
Q

Where is pseudo-stratified epithelium located

A

Lines the conducting airways

24
Q

What is an example of a specialised stratified epithelium

A

Urothelium

25
Q

What is a basement membrane and its function

A

Always present in tissue cells
It function is to show the difference between epithelium and underlying connective tissue and essential for the proper functioning and survival of the epithelium

26
Q

What is a basement membrane made up of

A

It is composed of several extra-cellular proteins including collagen IV and fibronectin

27
Q

The basement membrane usually can’t be seen, what is the exception for this

A

The basement membrane can be seen when stained with PAS

28
Q

What are tight junctions and where are they found

A

Tight junctions are found in the epithelium and are band-like fusions between cells which prevent diffusions

29
Q

What are desmosomes

A

They are a type of epithelial junction also known as anchoring/adherent junctions
They form plaques which form physical joins between cells and connect the cytoskeletons of adjacent cells which spread forces across several cells

30
Q

What are communicating junctions

A

They are a type of epithelial junction also known as gap junctions which are electrical junctions that permit the transfer of small molecules
They electrically couple adjacent cells

31
Q

What is this tissue

A

Simple epithelia

32
Q

What is this tissue

A

Stratified epithelia

33
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image taken from

A

Simple squamous epitelium
The image is of lung alveoli tissue

34
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image taken from

A

Simple squamous epithelium
The image is of peritoneum tissue

35
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image showing

A

Simple cuboidal epitelium
The image is of kidney tissue

36
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image taken from

A

Simple cuboidal epithelium
The image is of a salivary gland

37
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image of

A

Simple columnar epithelium
The image is of the stomach tissue

38
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image taken of

A

Simple columnar epithelium
The image is of small intestine tissue

39
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image of

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinising epitelium
The image is of oesophagus tissue

40
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image of

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinising epithelium
The image is of vaginal tissue

41
Q

What tissue is this and where is this image of

A

Stratified squamous keratinising epithelium
This image is of thin skin

42
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image from

A

Stratified squamous keratinising epithelium
This image is of thick skin

43
Q

What tissue is this and where is the image of

A

Pseudostratified epithelium
The image is of the trachea

44
Q

What tissue is this where is this image of

A

Urothelium
Specialised stratified epithelium
This image is showing bladder tissue

45
Q

What is the black line representing

A

Basement membrane

46
Q

What is this showing

A

Tight junctions a type of epithelial junctions

47
Q

What is this showing

A

This is showing desmosomes a type of epithelial junctions

48
Q

What is this showing

A

They are gap or communicating junctions which are a type of epithelial junctions

Histology (18 decks)

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