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Histology > Blood Vessels And Nerves > Flashcards

Blood Vessels And Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

What is the general structure of an artery

A

Endothelium
Intima
Media
Adventitia
External elastic lamina
Basement membrane
Internal elastic lamina

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2
Q

Where can elastic arteries be found

A

Arteries near the heart
Eg- aorta and pulmonary arteries

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3
Q

What type of artery are most arteries

A

Muscular arteries

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4
Q

Examples of muscular arteries

A

Radial artery
Splenic artery

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5
Q

In a muscular artery what does the media comprise of

A

Smooth muscle

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6
Q

What are arterioles

A

Resistance vessels

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7
Q

What is defined as an arteriole

A

Having 3 or less muscle layers in their media

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8
Q

What is the general structure of capillaries

A

Endothelium
Intima
Media
External elastic lamina
Basement membrane
Interal elastic lamina
Maybe have a pericyte attached to them
May have a fenestrated basement membrane

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9
Q

What are capillaries composed of

A

Thin walled endothelial cells with no surrounding muscle or connective tissue

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10
Q

Where can fenestrated capillaries be found

A

Kidney and liver

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11
Q

What is the general structure of veins

A

Endothelium
Intima
Media
Adventitia
Basement membrane
Internal elastic lamina

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12
Q

What are venules associated with

A

Arterioles

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13
Q

Characteristics of venules

A

Thin walled

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14
Q

As a venule increases in size what happens to it

A

A contractile pericyte wraps round the outside of the endothelial cells to form a complete layer

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15
Q

Characteristics of veins

A

Thick walled compared to venules
Thin walled compared to arteries

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16
Q

What are characteristics of lymphatics

A

Thin walled
Have valves
Do not contain blood
Contains lymph

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17
Q

What are peripheral nerves made up of

A

Axons

18
Q

What are peripheral nerves supported by

A

Schwann cells

19
Q

Where is myelin produced

A

Schwann cells

20
Q

What is present in a myelinated peripheral nerve

A

Endoneurium
Perineurium
Epineurium

21
Q

Where can endoneurium be found

A

Present between individual axons

22
Q

Where can perineurium be found

A

Surrounds the groups of axons to form fascicles

23
Q

Where can epineurium be found

A

Binds fascicles together to form nerve fibres

24
Q

What makes up a small peripheral nerve fibre

A

Bundle of axons inter spread with endoneuruim surrounded by perineurium and epineurium

25
Q

What is the function of myelin

A

Insulates axons

26
Q

What are the gaps between the Schwann cells

A

Nodes of ranvier

27
Q

What is the differences between a myelinated and unmyelinated axon

A

Myelinated axons are larger and transmit an impulse faster than unmyelinated ones

28
Q

What are the different types of peripheral nerves

A

Motor neurons
Sensory neurons
Sympathetic neurons
Parasympathetic neurons

29
Q

Where are motor neuron cell bodies found

A

In the grey matter of the spinal cord

30
Q

Where are sensory neuron cell bodies found

A

They are found in the dorsal root ganglion

31
Q

Where are sympathetic neuron cell bodies found

A

They are found in they grey matter of the spinal cord and in adjacent sympathetic ganglia

32
Q

Where are parasympathetic neuron cell bodies found

A

Cell bodies are in the brain and local ganglia

33
Q

How is myelin formed

A

Formed by Schwann cells wrapping around the axon

34
Q

What is this showing

A

Elastic artery

35
Q

What is this showing

A

Muscular artery

36
Q

What is this showing

A

Capillaries

37
Q

What is this showing

A

Venules

38
Q

What is this showing

A

Veins

39
Q

What is this showing

A

Lymphatics

40
Q

What are the arrows pointed to

A

The 3 arrows are pointing to unmyelinated axons
The second arrow is pointing to a Schwann cell
The third arrow is pointing to a myelinated axon

41
Q

What stain is been used here

A

Silver stain

42
Q

What stain is been used here

A

H&E stain

Histology (18 decks)

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