HIPOCALCEMIA NEONATAL Flashcards

1
Q

CANTIDAD DE CA Y P EN HUESO, EN RN AL NACER:

A

CA: 20-30 G.
P: 16 G.

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2
Q

CA SÉRICO EN RN:

A

8-11 MG/DL.

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3
Q

EXISTEN 3 FORMAS DE CA EN SUERO:

A
  • IÓN CA++ (50%).
  • CA UNIDO A PROTEÍNAS.
  • CA DE COMPLEJOS ANIÓNICOS (FÓSFORO).
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4
Q

ION CA++ Y P SON REGULADOS POR 3 ELEMENTOS:

A
  • PTH: AUMENTA CA, P CONSTANTE/BAJO.
  • VIT. D: ABS. INTESTINA.
  • CALCITONINA: HIPOCALCEMIANTE.
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5
Q

DEFINICIÓN DE HIPOCALCEMIA NEONATAL:

A
  • CA SÉRICO <8 MG/DL (CA++ 4 MG/DL).

- PREMATURO <7.

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6
Q

CLASIFICACIÓN EN 2 TIPOS DE HIPOCALCEMIA NEONATAL:

A

~PRECOZ: <72 HRS.

~TARDÍA: 3-10 DÍAS.

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7
Q

FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA HIPOCALCEMIA PRECOZ:

A

-HDMD:
DIURESIS OSMÓTICA + INSULINA ALTA = ALT. PTH = CA BAJO.
-PREMATUREZ O RCIU: HIPOMINERALIZACIÓN.
-SX DIGEORGE: APLASIA TÍMICA Y PARATIROIDEA (CATCH 22).
-ASFIXIA, SEPSIS Y POLIGLOBULIA: O2 BAJO = RETENCIÓN DE CA= CA

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8
Q

PRESENTACIÓN CLÍNICA DIGEORGE “CATCH 22”:

A
(C)-CARDIAC DEFECT.
(A)-ABNORMAL FACIES.
(T)-THIMIC APLASIA.
(C)-CLEFT PALATE (PALADAR HENDIDO).
(H)-HIPOCALCEMIA).
(22)-22q11 DELETION.
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9
Q

FACTORES DE RIESGO HIPOCALCEMIA TARDÍA:

A
  • LECHE DE VACA: FOSFATO FIJA CA Y NO SE ABSORVE.
  • HIPERFOSFATEMIA.
  • DÉFICIT VIT. D.
  • HIPOMAGNESEMIA.
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10
Q

PRESENTACIÓN CLÍNICA:

A

LETARGIA-INTOL. VO-DIF. RESP.
+
-CONVULSIÓN (MOV. OCULAR Y SUCCIÓN ANORMAL).

-TETANIA Y CHVOSTEK POCO COMUNES.

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11
Q

DEFINA SIGNO DE CHVOSTEK/WEISS:

A

ESTIMULACIÓN DE N. FACIAL: MÚSCULOS FACIALES DEL MISMO LADO SE CONTRAEN.

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12
Q

MENCIONE 3 ESTUDIOS DX DE HIPOCALCEMIA:

A
  • CA SÉRICO.
  • EKG: QT LARGO >0.45.
  • ALB BAJA: CA BAJO FALSO.
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13
Q

TTO DE HIPOCALCEMIA:

A

-GLUCONATO DE CALCIO POR VENA HEPÁTICA (ONFALOCLISIS).

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14
Q

TTO DE HIPOCALCEMIA SI NO RESPONDE A GLUCONATO DE CALCIO:

A

SULFATO DE MG (MG SO4).

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15
Q

COMPLICACIONES DE ADMINISTRAR GLUCONATO DE CA POR VENA HEPÁTICA:

A

NECROSIS HEPÁTICA.

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