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World History > Hinduism, Buddism, and Judaism > Flashcards

Hinduism, Buddism, and Judaism Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a sect?

A

Group with in a religion that distinguishes itself by one or more unique beliefs

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2
Q

What is polytheism?

A

A belief in many gods

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3
Q

Where did the Arayan’s move?

A

Indus River Valley

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4
Q

What are the Vedas?

A

For collections of prayers, spells, and ritual instructions

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5
Q

What are castes?

A

Four social classes (with class restrictions and rules)

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6
Q

What are the four castes?

A 
Brahmins (priests)
Warriors
Peasants/Traders
Non-Aryan Laborers
Untouchables (most impure)
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7
Q

True or False:

Hinduism has no single founder

A

True

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8
Q

True or False:

The Vedas are Hinduism’s single sacred text.

A

False, Hinduism has no single sacred text.

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9
Q

What are the Upanishads?

A

Dialogue between a student and a teacher

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10
Q

What is the ultimate goal in Hinduism?

A

To achieve moksha

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11
Q

What is moksha?

A

A state of perfect understanding of all things

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12
Q

What is Atman?

A

The individual soul

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13
Q

What is Brahman?

A

The world soul

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14
Q

What is reincarnation?

A

Rebirth of the soul

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15
Q

What is karma?

A

A soul’s good or bad deeds

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16
Q

Did karma strengthen or weaken the caste system?

A

Strengthen

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17
Q

Who were the three major Hindu gods?

A

Brahma (the Creator), Vishnu (the Preserver), and Shiva (the Destroyer)

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18
Q

What did Mahavira believe?

A

Everything has a soul and should not be harmed

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19
Q

Which sect of Hinduism was an extreme form of nonviolence?

A

Jainism

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20
Q

Who was the founder of Buddhism?

A

Siddartha Gautama

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21
Q

Which religion was the search to discover life where there is no suffering or death?

A

Buddhism

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22
Q

What is enlightenment?

A

Wisdom

23
Q

How many days did Siddartha Gautama?

A

49

24
Q

What name did Siddartha Gautama take on after his meditation?

A

Buddha

25
Q

What does Buddha mean?

A

The Enlightened One

26
Q

What are the Four Noble Truths?

A

1) Life is filled with suffering and sorrow
2) The cause of all suffering is the desire for the temporary pleasures of this world
3) The way to end all suffering is to end all desires
4) The way to overcome all desires is to follow the Eightfold Path

27
Q

What is nirvana?

A

The release from selfishness and pain

28
Q

What is Buddha’s view on the Hindu gods and caste system?

A

Negative. He rejects it.

29
Q

How was Buddhism spread?

A

Traders

30
Q

What was the sacred Buddhist text?

A

The Tripitaka

31
Q

What were the two major Buddhist sects?

A

Therevada (Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia) and Mahayana (China, Tibet, Korea, and Japan)

32
Q

Where did Abraham go after he left Ur?

A

Canaan

33
Q

What is religion?

A

And organize system of beliefs, ceremonies, practices, and worship that centers around one or more gods

34
Q

Isaac’s descendants became what group of people?

A

The Hebrews

35
Q

Ishmael’s descendants became what group of people?

A

The Arabs

36
Q

Where did the Exodus begin?

A

Egypt

37
Q

What is the Torah?

A

The first 5 books of the Bible

38
Q

Who wrote the Torah?

A

Moses

39
Q

Where did Josua led the people?

A

Back into Canaan

40
Q

Who was Saul?

A

The first king

41
Q

Who did David defeat?

A

Goliath

42
Q

When the Kingdom of Israel split, what were the two sides?

A

Israel (north) and Judah (south)

43
Q

Around when did the Assyrians begin their rule?

A

722 BC

44
Q

Around when did the Babylonians rule?

A

586 BC

45
Q

What happened when the Persians conquered Babylon?

A

The Jews return, and the temple is rebuilt

46
Q

Who destroyed the temple?

A

Nebuchanezzer

47
Q

What is monotheism?

A

Belief in one God

48
Q

Which group of people were God’s chosen people?

A

The Jews

49
Q

What is covenant?

A

A binding agreement

50
Q

Who were prophets?

A

Spiritual leaders

51
Q

What are ethics?

A

Moral standards of behavior

52
Q

What was the Diaspora?

A

The scattering of people

53
Q

What other two religions did Judaism influence?

A

Christianity and Islam

World History (17 decks)

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