Hill Component + Stretch Shortening Cycle Flashcards
1
Q
What is the Hill Model?
A
- Explains how energy is transferred, stored + released.
- From the level of the sarcomere.
- To the level of the whole muscle.
2
Q
Why is the Hill Model important in terms of supporting the sliding filament theory?
A
- SFT supports concentric work.
- Doesn’t support dynamic activities.
- The Hill model outlines other steps between the muscle + tendon that improve the efficiency of our ability to move during such activities.
3
Q
What are Parallel elastic elements?
A
- Connective tissue layers.
- Sit side by side with the muscle fibre offering support.
4
Q
What are Series elastic elements?
A
- Sit end on end (in series) with the muscle fibres.
5
Q
With regard to the level of a ‘Whole’ muscle, what is the SE?
A
- Tendon.
6
Q
What is the ‘Stretch shortening cycle’?
A
- A cycle that involves a high degree of elastic energy to be stored within the tendon.
- Which is utilized to increase concentric power.
7
Q
What are the 3 stages of the Stretch shortening cycle?
A
- Pre-activation.
- Eccentric phase.
- Concentric phase.
8
Q
What is the Pre-activation phase of the Strech shortening cycle?
A
- Central pattern generators in the primary motor cortex + spinal cord (nervous system).
- Activate muscle fibres to prepare them for dynamic loading.
9
Q
When is the Pre-activation phase initiated?
A
- 250 ms before initial contact.
10
Q
What is the Eccentric phase of the Stretch shortening cycle?
A
- Contractile elements of the muscle develop force actively.
- Kinetic energy converts potential energy within the tendon + is stored to allow it to act like a spring.
- Spinal stretch reflexes are initiated.
11
Q
What is the Concentric phase of the Stretch shortening cycle?
A
- Storage of elastic energy in tendons helps generate powerful concentric phases.
- This reduces how hard muscle fibres need to work to produce a concentric force.
