General Adaptation Syndrome Flashcards

1
Q

What is the General Adaptation Syndrome?

A

It helps explain how biological systems such as our body respond to stressors.

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2
Q

What two principles does GAS account for?

A
  1. Homeostasis.
  2. Allostasis.
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3
Q

What are the three phases of short-term responses?

A
  1. Alarm.
  2. Resistance.
  3. Exhaustion.
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4
Q

Describe the ‘alarm’ phase of a short-term response.

A
  • The stressor is present.
  • The body is managing to cope but the immune system begins to weaken.
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5
Q

Describe the ‘resistance’ phase of a short-term response.

A
  • The body is working in overdrive causing a depressed immune system.
  • This increases the chance of illness or injury.
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6
Q

Describe the ‘exhaustion’ phase of a short-term response.

A
  • The body breaks down and can no longer take the neglect.
  • This results in illness or injury.
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7
Q

Outline the phases that result in neither a positive nor negative long-term adaptation and describe why this occurs.

A
  1. stress > fatigue > recovery > supercompensation > return to baseline
  2. If the interval between loading bouts is too long or the load is not adequately progressed net adaptation will not occur.
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8
Q

Outline the phases that result in a negative long-term adaptation and describe why this occurs.

A
  1. stress > fatigue > incomplete recovery > no super-compensation > further stress > chronic decline > injury
  2. This occurs as there is an incomplete recovery followed by the re-application of further stress, resulting in a chronic decline.
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9
Q

Outline the phases that result in a positive long-term adaptation and describe why this occurs.

A
  1. stress > fatigue > recovery > super-compensation > return to baseline > progressive stress > chronic improvements
  2. Because progressive stress is applied after an appropriate recovery period this results in chronic improvement overtime.
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10
Q

What is the definition of acute responses?

A
  • Immediate changes in cells, tissue + systems.
  • During or immediately following a single exercise bout.
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11
Q

What is an example of an acute response?

A

Depletion of ATP.

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12
Q

What is the definition of chronic adaptation?

A
  • Adjustments to repeated exposure to a stimulus result in longer-lasting + systematic changes.
  • This influences acute responses + performance over time.
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13
Q

What is an example of a chronic adaptation?

A

Skeletal muscle hypertrophy

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14
Q

What is Progressive overload?

A
  • Continued application of a training stimulus overtime.
  • To an intensity not yet adapted to.
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