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BDI > Herpesviruses > Flashcards

Herpesviruses Flashcards

1
Q

Herpes is an

A

Enveloped DNA virus

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2
Q

Human Herpes Virus

A

HSV-1
HSV-2
VZV
EBV
CMV
HHV-6
HHV-7
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus

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3
Q

Human Herpesviruses

A

Ubituitis
DsDNA virus (low mutation rate)
Lipid envelope (laible, unstable in the environment)

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4
Q

Replication

A

envolpe glycoproteins interact with cell surface resectors
Fuses with envelope of cell membrane releasing nucleocapsid into cytoplasm
Enzymes and TF carrient into cells
genome transcriped and replicated
Early proteins (DNA dependend DNA polymerase)

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5
Q

Lytic phase

A

Active causes primary infection and reactivation

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6
Q

Latent phase

A

Limited gene expression
Latency

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7
Q

Alpha

A

Latent in sensory neurons
Painful skin/mucous membrane disease
HSV-1
HSV-2
VZV

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8
Q

Beta

A

Latent in white blood cells
CMV
HHV-6
HHV-7

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9
Q

Gamma

A

Latent in lymphocytes
EBV
Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus

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10
Q

HSV-1 and HSV-2

A

primary infection- enters through mucosal surface or epithelium
Transport to sensory ganglion where it lays latent

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11
Q

HSV 1 and 2 Transmission and Cilinical presentation

A

Direct skin contact
Painful skin/mucous membrane disease (pain begins before lesion)
Progress from vesicles to ulcers
Also ocular neuro and disseminated disease

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12
Q

HSV 1 and 2

A

Oral herpes: usually asymptomatic, otherwise severe
systemic symptoms
Gingivosomatitis
Pharyngitis
Reccurent: HSV-1 more common due to latency in trigeminal ganglia (hepes labias)

Genital herpes: usually asymptomatic, otherwise severe
HSV 2 more likely due to latenct in sacral ganglia

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13
Q

HSV cutaneous manifestations

A

Herpatic whitlow (fingers)
Eczema herpeticum ( infection in excema)
Erythema multiforme (immune-mediated that presents with target lesions)

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14
Q

HSV ocular and neurologic

A

Keratitis
Retinitis
Encephalitis (HSV-1)
Meningitis/meningoencephalitis
Bell’s Palsy

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15
Q

HSV other clinical manifestations

A

Disseminated disease
Virema

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16
Q

HSV diagnosis

A

Not easily cultured
Testing depends on site of disease (PCR most sensitive)
PCR from sterile site
Visualization of organisms in tissue biopsy (if organ involvement)

17
Q

ZVZ

A

intitial replication in respiratory epithelial cells
forms syncytia
cell mediated immunity essential to control infection

18
Q

Transmission of VZV

A

Aerolization from skin lesions (indicates airborne lesions)
Clinical presentation: chicken pox
different stages of development
vesicles refered to as dew drops on a rose petal

19
Q

VZV reactivation

A

shingles/zoster
painful unilateral vesicular eruption in dermatomal distribution

20
Q

ZVZ complications

A

Post hepratic neuralgia (most common)
Herpes zoster opthalmicus
Ramsay Hunt syndrome

21
Q

VZV detection and prevention

A

PCR detection
vaccine for varicella (live-attenuated, Oka strain of ZVZ)
recombinant zoster vaccine

22
Q

CMV

A

transmission person to person
immunocompetent hosts
immunocompetent people: mononucleosis
Congenital disease (primary CMV in pregnant mother)
causes microcephaly, growth restriciton, hepatosplenomegaly
nonhereditary sensorineural hearing loss
Immunocompromised: reactivation from nonspecific disease to sever end-organ disease

23
Q

CMV diagnosis

A

serum IgM or IgG
tissue biopsy: owls eye inclusion bodies

24
Q

HHV-6 and HHV-7

A

transmitted through salivia
poseola infantum/6th disease
high fever, fever breaks, RASH

25
Q

EBV

A

infects epithelial cells, B cells, and T cells
transmitted person to peron via saliva
oral shedding occurs for 6 months
most people asymptomatic
90% of cases of infectious mononucleosis
oral hairy leukoplakia

26
Q

EBV has

A

oncogenic potential
nasopharyyngeal cancer
B cells and T cells (lymphoma, lymphoproliferative disease

27
Q

EBV diagnosis

A

Heterophile antibody (monospot) test
EBV-specific serologic tests

28
Q

HHV-8

A

Kaposi Sarcoma
presents as skin or oral lesions
Cassic, Endemic, Organ transplant associates, AIDS related or KS-associated

29
Q

Antiviral therapy

A

treatment varies depending on clincal syndrome and host

BDI (18 decks)

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