Herpes zoster ophthalmicus Flashcards
What does herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) describe?
Reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus in the area supplied by the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve
What percentage of shingles cases does HZO account for?
Around 10%
What is a key feature of HZO?
Vesicular rash around the eye, which may or may not involve the actual eye
What is Hutchinson’s sign?
Rash on the tip or side of the nose indicating nasociliary involvement
What does Hutchinson’s sign indicate?
Strong risk factor for ocular involvement
What is the recommended duration for oral antiviral treatment in HZO?
7-10 days
When should antiviral treatment ideally be started in HZO?
Within 72 hours
What type of antiviral treatment may be given for very severe infections or in immunocompromised patients?
Intravenous antivirals
Is topical antiviral treatment given in HZO?
No
What may be used to treat secondary inflammation of the eye in HZO?
Topical corticosteroids
What is required for ocular involvement in HZO?
Urgent ophthalmology review
List some ocular complications of HZO.
- Conjunctivitis
- Keratitis
- Episcleritis
- Anterior uveitis
What is a possible complication of HZO involving eyelid drooping?
Ptosis
What is post-herpetic neuralgia?
A complication of HZO
