Hepatitis Flashcards
Viral hepatitis
systemic condition; mostly liver inflammation
Viral causes of hepatitis
CMV, Epstein-Barr
non-infectious causes of hepatitis
Drugs, chemicals, bacteria
Most common types of hepatitis
HBV, HCV
What type of hepatitis is the worst for pregnancy?
HEV
Strains of hepatitis
HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV
Patho of viral hepatitis
- Infection
- immune response (inflam mediators)
- lysis of infected cells
- edema and swelling around infectious cells
- tissue hypoxia
- hepatocyte death
CM of viral hepatitis
Mostly asymptomatic; inc LFTs
Stages of viral (A, B, and C) hepatitis
Prodromal, icteric, recovery
Prodromal stage
- 2W post-exposure
- fatigue, anorexia, malaise, N/V, HA, hyperalgesia, cough, low fever
- highly transmissible
Icteric “active phase”
- begin with jaundice
- 1-2 W post-prodromal to 2-6W
- jaundice, dark pee, clay poo
- liver enlarge and painful
- fatigue, ab pain peristent or inc in severity
- can become chronic from this stage
Recovery phase
- enzymes back to normal 6-8W post-exp
- jaundice resolves
- liver remains longer and tender
Complications of viral hepatitis
Chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, liver cancer, fulminant viral hepatitis
Hep A
- transmit via focal, oral, sexual, parenteral
- acute onset with fever
- usually mild
- doesn’t lead to chronic
- kids and adults
- hand hygiene, hep A vax
Hep B
- transmit thru IDU or sex (often thru sub abuse communities)
- insidious
- severe, prolonged, or chronic
- any age affected
- HBV vax, safe sex, hygiene
Hep C
- trans thru sex, IDU, maternal-fetal, medical mishaps
- slow, insidious
- more symptoms than B (mild to severe)
- 80% becomes chronic
- all ages affected
- screening, hygiene, NO vax
What can Hep C lead to
hepatocellular carcinoma, liver transplant
Hep A vax
- 2 doses 6M apart
- recommended for high risk (travel, HC, handling food)
- all kids begin at age 12M
Hep B vax
- 3 doses 4M apart
- recommended for all infants
- titer for healthcare workers
Hep C vax
THERE IS NONE
HBV pharm
- quick medical advances
- often ppl get tx in clinic
- multiple strains, multiple drugs (mutates)
Which hepatitis were you guaranteed to get if you were exposed to it in the 80s?
Hepatitis C
Drugs for HBV
- interferons
- nucleoside analogs
High risk for HBV
inc AST, hepatic inflammation, advanced fibrosis
Disadvantages of HBV tx
long therapy, expensive, lots of SE, high relapse into acute hep
HCV pharm
Now treated with new drugs for people with a detectable viral load
- for chronic disease
- direct-acting anti-viral therapy
- interferon based regiment
- nucleoside analogs
How much Tylenol can people with hepatitis take?
2g but NOT if serious advanced liver disease (and no NSAIDs)
Barrier to HCV pharm
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