Henry VII- Threats and Rebellions- COMPLETE Flashcards
What year was the Lovell conspiracy?
1486.
What year was the Cornish rebellion?
1497.
What year was the Yorkshire rebellion?
1489.
What year was the Perkin Warbeck uprising?
1491-1499.
What year was the Lambert Simnel uprising?
1486 but Henry unaware until 1487.
What happened in the Lovell conspiracy? (First rebellion)
-Trouble in the midlands when Henry went on a royal progress to the North.
-Dissatisfied Yorkists.
-Sent a force offering reconciliation or excommunication and death.
-Rebels dispersed.
-Lovell fled to Flanders and the Stafford brothers sought Sanctuary. (H EXECUTED, T LOYAL)
Who were the leaders of the Lovell conspiracy?
-Lord Lovell.
-The Stafford brothers. (Humpherey and Thomas)
Why did the Lovell conspiracy fail?
-Lack of a credible alternative as king.
-Lovell and Stafford were only minor nobles and didn’t have either great wealth or a great following.
-No overseas backing.
-Henry had effective intelligence operation and tracked them, meaning that it failed.
What were the consequences of the Lovell conspiracy?
-Limited.
-Progress able to continue in the North.
-Helped get loyalty and obedience.
Who did Lambert Simnel claim to be?
-The earl of Warwick
Who did Lambert Simnel receive support from? (leaders).
-Crowned in Ireland by the Irish Kildare.
-Earl of Lincoln.
-Margaret of Burgundy.
-Richard Symonds an Oxford priest.
What was Lambert Simnel caused by?
-Dissatisfaction over loss of Yorkist land
What happened in Stoke in 1487? (Lambert Simnel uprising)
-Henry’s army made of roughly 12,000 men met Simnel’s 8,0000-man army at Stoke in 1487.
-The German commander was killed.
What did Simnel’s army contain?
2,000 German mercenaries paid by Burgundy led by Martin Schwartz
About 4,500 ill-disciplined Irish kerns sent by Kildare.
-smaller force of Yorkists under the command of half a dozen local gentry which joined after they landed in England..
How did Henry reinforce that Simnel was not the Earl of Warwick? (2)
-Symonds imprisoned for life and Simnel given a job in the kitchens.
-Henry paraded the real Warwick around London.
Why did the Lambert Simnel uprising fail? (6)
-presence of ‘brutal’ Irish.
-Henry’s army bigger and better.
-No widespread support.
-Leaders killed.
-Exhaustion and poverty
-Lambert clearly not legitimate at 12.
Why could Lambert Simnel still be considered a threat? (5)
-Battle of Stoke- closely fought 3 hours.
-Henry had little support too only from Oxford and Derby.
-Margaret of Burgundy’s support.
-Henry unaware for a year showing his vunerability.
-8000 men.
What caused the Yorkshire rebellions?
-Protest at the collection of subsidies.
-Yorkshire men felt that Britany was of none of their concern and was a further strain on an already financially suffering area.
-Also bad harvests at the time.
What happened during the Yorkshire rebellion?
-Northumberland was sent to collect the taxes but was killed in the process
-Henry sent an army of 8,000 led by the Earl of surrey and the rebels were dispersed.
What were the consequences of the Yorkshire rebellion? (3)
-An establishment of the Tudor crown in Yorkshire.
-The taxes however were never collected which questions royal authority
-The Earl of surrey selected as his representative who had no vested interest so would be very loyal.
Who led the Cornish rebellion?
Michael An Goff.
What caused the Cornish rebellion?
-A response to high taxes placed on people for Henry VII to finance a war against Scotland. (as they were funding Perkin Warbeck and threatening Northern war).
Who led the Yorkshire rebellion?
-Sir John Egremont
-an illegitimate member of the Percy family and Yorkist supporter.
How many supporters did the Cornish rebellion attract?
15,000. This included only one noble, Lord Audley. But numbers did decline upon reaching London perhaps in fear.
Who were the complaints about in the Cornish rebellion?
-Evil counsellors such as Morton and Bray who were blamed for the tax.
How big was the army that crushed the Cornish rebellion and where was the place?
25,000 crushed the rebel force at Blackheath in June 1497.
Was the Cornish rebellion ever a serious threat?
-No it only reached London because he was concerned about Perkin Warbeck.
Where did the Perkin Warbeck uprising start and who did he claim to be?
-Ireland.
-Pretended to be Richard, Duke of York. (one of the princes in the tower).
Which international support did Perkin Warbeck have?
-Emperor Maximilian
-James IV of Scotland
-Margaret of Burgundy (wanted to destabilise Henry).
-Charles VIII of France (wanted to destabilise Henry).
-Earl of Desmond (Irish)
Why did Charles VIII of France support Perkin Warbeck?
-He wanted to destabilise Henry.
-He wanted to prevent Henry supporting Brittany because he wanted it.
Why did Margaret of Burgundy support Perkin Warbeck?
-She was a major Yorkist leader.
What happened when Henry became aware of Perkin Warbeck and who started supporting him?
-He sent a force to Cork.
-Perkin Warbeck fled to France.
-Lost Irish support.
-Charles VIII and Emperor Maximillian supported him. (stopping him intervening in Burgundy).
What year was the treaty of Etaples?
1492.
What was the treaty of Etaples?
This ended his support for Brittany in exchange for a large subsidy and French agreement to expel Warbeck.
What did Henry’s sophisticated intelligence operation do? (In regard to Perkin Warbeck).
-Found out Perkin was from Tournai and his father was a boatman.
-Found English supporters such as William Stanley who was executed.
-Found potential allies and secured bonds of allegiance from them.
What happened in July 1495? (What did PW do?)
-Tried to land a mercenary army in kent.
-Never made it ashore.
What did Warbeck do after his failure to land an army at kent?
-Went back to Ireland.
-Kildare and Desmond captured him- had to go to Cornwall
-Tried to besiege the royal castle at Waterford failed – Henry had supplied the city with heavy cannon and many rebels were killed.
-So he had to go back to Scotland as loads killed
Why was Scottish support for Perkin Warbeck not that influential?
-War couldn’t last long because they were poor.
-Warbeck was only in England for a week when the small army crossed the border.
-Treaty of Ayton
Where did Warbeck go after being expelled from Scotland?
-Sailed to Ireland but support dead
-Decided to go to Cornwall because of the rebellion, when he got there it was over but nobles still angry.
-Able to raise an army of 8,000 by the time he got to Exeter.
-Hung after his poor attempt to siege Exeter.
Why did the Perkin Warbeck rebellion fail?
-Dependence on others for power.
-Henry firmly established on the throne.
-Henry’s powerful intelligence system.
Why was Warbeck a threat? (2)
-Substantial financial backing from foreign places.
-Persistent threat of 5 invasions.
Perkin Warbecks journey?
Ireland – France – Kent- Ireland- Cornwall- Waterford castle- Scotland- Ireland- Cornwall- Exeter- dead
Acronym to remember PW’s journey?
I Feed Kangaroos ice cream weekly, special ice cones every decade
