Henry VII- Government/ domestic policy- COMPLETE Flashcards
What was the kings council?
- advise the king, administer law and order and prosecute noblemen.
-227 councillors eligible to sit but only 40 did regularly.
-1/2 church rest nobility.
-Promoted members of the gentry to the council- especially lawyers.
What are the sub-categories of the kings council?
-Courts of request.
-Court of general surveyors.
-The council learned in law.
What are the courts of request?
-Delt with requests from ordinary people.
What are the courts of general surveyors?
-Checked revenue coming in from crown lands.
What is the council learned in law?
-Staffed by lawyers and property experts.
-Delt with problems concerning wardship/ lands
-managing rents and bonds/ recognises. (falsified no appeals).
-Sir Richard Empson and Edmund Puntley.
What were the main roles and functions of parliament?
-House of commons and Lords, traditionally used to raise taxes.
-Only used seven times in Henrys 24 year reign for a total of 12 months.
-Mainly used to pass acts of attainder and laws.
-Only king could call on parliament- did to secure himself.
What were the most important jobs in the government?
-Lord chancellor.
-Lord Privy seal,
-The lord treasurers
What and who was a lord chancellor?
-Responsible for administration.
-Henry had 4, John Matron the longest serving.
Who and what is a lord privy seal?
-Responsible for the seals to enforce royal orders.
-Bishop Richard Fox had this role from 1487-1509.
Who and what was a lord treasurer?
-Responsible for finance.
-John Lord Bytham.
What was Northern England like and what was it essential for?
-it could be a lawless area and was essential for defence against the Scots.
Who was initially in charge of Northern England and who did it change to?
-Earl of Northumberland
-Thomas Howard, earl of Surrey (loyal and no vested interest).
What was Wales like?
-Very difficult area to run
-Cause of great disorder during the war of the roses.
What were the northern countries called?
The principality of wales.
Who was the rest of the country ran by?
-The great noblemen known as the marcher lords who had a lot of freedom from the crown.
Who was running Wales in 1485?
-Jasper Tudor led by Henry’s son Arthur.
How many marcher lords in 1495?
-the great marcher lords reduced from 50 in 1485 to around 24.
Which area in Ireland did the king directly govern?
Pale.
Who was the rest of Ireland governed by?
-Anglo-Irish Lords and Irish chieftains.
-No English king had managed to dominate Ireland
Why did Henry’s predecessors find it easier to deal with Ireland?
-buy off the Irish nobility- titles and some power
-Lord Kildare for example was appointed Lord Deputy and Chancellor of Ireland in 1485.
-But Henry had to be careful because Kildare involved in Simnel plot.
Who did Henry send to attempt to govern Ireland?
-Prince Henry Lord Lieutenant and sent Sir Edward Ponying’s over as his Deputy.
What was “Poynings law”
-no Irish Parliament could pass legislation that had not already been approved by the King’s Council.
Why did Poynings law fail and what did Henry have to do?
-Monarchical style was just not going to work
-Revert to buying off chieftains
-Lord Kildare restored as Deputy.
What problems did Henry VII face in the local government?
-Lacked his own paid officials in every area to enforce his laws.
-Reliance on the nobility
